Tesla coil is also called Tesla coil. What is its working principle?

What is a Tesla coil? How does it work? When it comes to Tesla, many people think of the car brand, because this car brand is very famous and can be said to be the representative of cars, but when it comes to Nikola Tesla, not so many people know what the Tesla coil named after Tesla himself is, and we are even more confused.

definition:

Tesla coil is also called Tesla coil because it is directly transliterated from the English name "Tesla". This is a distributed parameter high-frequency series resonant transformer that can obtain high-frequency voltages of millions of volts. The principle of the traditional Tesla coil is to use a transformer to boost the ordinary voltage, and then charge the resonant capacitor of the primary LC circuit. When it is charged to the discharge threshold, the spark gap discharge conducts, and the primary LC circuit generates series resonance, providing sufficient power to the secondary coil. The high excitation power is equal to the frequency of the secondary LC circuit, causing the inductance and distributed capacitance of the secondary coil to resonate in series. At this time, the discharge terminal voltage is high, and lightning is seen. In layman's terms, it is an artificial lightning maker. There are Tesla coil enthusiasts all over the world. They have made various devices and created dazzling artificial lightning, which is very beautiful.

Classification:

SGTC(Spark Gap Tesla Coil)=Spark Gap Tesla Coil

The "Tesla Coil" invented by Mr. Nikola Tesla himself belongs to SGTC. Because the structure and principle are relatively simple, it is also suitable for beginners to get started with Tesla coils at this stage.

SISGTC (Sidac-IGBT SGTC) = trigger diode Tesla coil

The circuit group composed of trigger diodes and IGBT tubes replaces the traditional spark gap to eliminate spark noise.

SSTC (Solid State Tesla Coil)=Solid State Tesla Coil

To put it more simply, it is a single-resonance electronic switch Tesla coil. The primary does not produce series resonance. It only provides the secondary with a frequency that can satisfy the secondary LC to produce series resonance, allowing the secondary coil to produce series resonance. The primary current is the excitation source voltage. Divide by AC impedance.

Advantages: It has the characteristics of low noise, high efficiency and long life, so it has been well developed.

Disadvantages: The primary coil provides limited excitation power to the secondary coil, and the arc is not long.

ISSTC (Interrupted SSTC) = solid state Tesla coil with arc extinguishing

Under the same output power, the arcs of SSTC are clustered and obviously not as spectacular as SGTC. At this time, an arc extinguisher can be added to imitate the work of SGTC. The arc can be longer, and the audio signal arc extinguishing signal can also be used to play music.

DRSSTC(Dual Resonant SSTC)=Dual Resonant Tesla Coil

DRSSTC is essentially a series resonance inverter. Compared with SSTC, since the primary coil has series resonance, the voltage across the primary coil inductor is Q times the excitation source voltage, and the resonant impedance Z(R) factor is very low, so the primary The resonant current is very large (the resonant voltage divided by the resonant impedance is equal to the resonant current), and the excitation power provided to the secondary will also be very large, which is not the same order of magnitude as SSTC. Compared with SSTC, the primary coil of SSTC cannot provide sufficient excitation power to the secondary coil, so the lightning generated by SSTC is not as spectacular as the spark gap Tesla coil of the same power level.

The primary coil of DRSSTC not only meets the conditions for series resonance of the inductance and distributed capacitance of the secondary coil, but can also provide sufficient excitation power to the secondary coil, so the arc length of DRSSTC will be very long.

Advantages: Compared with SGTC, there is no sound and light pollution from the spark gap, strong controllability, can play music, high efficiency and long life.

QCWDRSSTC (Quasi Continuous Wave DRSSTC) = quasi-continuous wave dual-resonance solid-state Tesla coil, CWDRSSTC (Continuous Wave DRSSTC) = continuous-wave dual-resonance solid-state Tesla, VTTC (Vacuum Tube Tesla Coil) = vacuum tube Tesla coil

When vacuum tubes gradually disappeared from our sight, a group of tube enthusiasts used them to make VTTC. The electronic tube itself has advantages such as good high-frequency performance, so the VTTC effect produced is very unique. However, it is undeniable that the electronic tube itself has shortcomings such as high cost, low lifespan, low efficiency, severe heat generation, and easy damage. VTTC has not been widely popular.

The basic principle is similar to the self-excitation of a transistor.

SSVC (Solid State Valve Coil)=solid-vacuum tube Tesla coil, OLTC (Off Line Tesla coil)=offline Tesla coil

When we remove the SGTC lighter and replace it with a MOSFET or IGBT, we use a diode to connect it in reverse parallel to the D and S poles (if it is an IGBT, it is the C pole and E pole), and use a solid-state A circuit is used to control this switching tube, and then a low-voltage drive is used to form an OLTC.

Its essential principle is still LC oscillation, and it is almost the same as SGTC. The difference is that the lighter is replaced by a solid-state switch and a low-voltage driver is used. There aren't many differences elsewhere. Since it is driven by a low voltage and cannot generate too much current, the arc of OLTC is not as spectacular as that of SGTC.

principle:

The principle is to use a transformer to boost ordinary voltage, and then discharge the device from the discharge terminal through a two-pole coil. The Tesla coil is coupled by two loops through the coil. First, the power supply charges the capacitor C1. When the voltage of the capacitor reaches a certain level The threshold of the spark gap is exceeded, the spark gap breaks down the air and sparks, a path is formed in the primary coil of the transformer, the energy oscillates between the capacitor C1 and the primary coil L1, and is transferred to the secondary coil through coupling. The secondary coil is also a The inductor can be equivalent to a capacitor between the top cover C2 and the ground, so LC oscillation will also occur. When the two-stage oscillation frequency resonates at the same frequency, the energy of the primary circuit will surge to the secondary, and the voltage peak at the discharge end will Keep increasing until discharge. The above is an analysis of the working principle of Tesla coil, I hope it can help you.