2005 China Electronics Industry Salary Ranking[Copy link]
2005 China Electronics Industry Salary Ranking
By Pu Wenqing
Mr. Gao is an electronic design engineer at a company in Chengdu. To be more precise, he should be called an assistant engineer. He has been working for less than two years but has not yet been qualified for the title of engineer. He chose the company he is working for right after graduating from university. Time flies, and he is almost entering his third year in this company. Mr. Gao graduated from a famous domestic university with a major in communication engineering. Most of his classmates have entered Beijing, Shenzhen, Shanghai and other places, and are basically engaged in communication-related industries, while he chose to engage in the design of consumer electronic products. His solid foundation in electronic technology in college made him very comfortable in the design of consumer electronic products. From a young boy at the beginning to now, he has become an independent person in design projects.
Facing the new year, Mr. Gao began to rethink his career development: Although he is now a technical backbone of the company, Mr. Gao's annual salary is still no more than 30,000 yuan, which is very different from his classmates who are engaged in the communication industry in Chengdu or in more economically developed areas. Mr. Gao began to consider whether he needed to adjust his career direction and whether he should choose a new place of work.
Figure 1: Overall average across all industries.
In fact, there are many Chinese engineers who are confused about their salary and benefits. The 2005 "Survey on Salary and Career Development in China's Electronics Industry" solved the reason for this confusion. This survey shows that there is still a huge gap in salary (basic annual salary plus bonus) between regions and industries in China's electronics industry (see Figures 2 and 3 for details). The salary levels in Shanghai, Shenzhen and Beijing are still far ahead of those in the mainland. In terms of industry, the average salary of IC design, communication electronic systems and equipment, and design services ranks in the top three, and the lowest average industry annual salary is only 57% of the highest. Through in-depth analysis of the survey results, we found that this comparison is not only between regions and industries, but also has obvious salary changes behind the years of work, average weekly working hours, and gender differences. Figure 2: Comparison of engineer income by region. Figure 3: Comparison of engineer income by industry. Are engineers more valuable as they get older? In fact, most engineers who participated in the survey should agree with Mr. Gao to some extent. The survey found that for engineers with 1 to 15 years of service, the salary and service years have a nearly "linear" growth relationship: engineers who started working in 2005 have the lowest annual salary, averaging 37,930 yuan, while those with 1 to 3 years of service have an average salary of 55,410 yuan; engineers with 3 to 6 years of service have the largest annual salary gap, reaching 76,700 yuan. Engineers with 15 to 20 years of service have the highest average annual salary, reaching 110,400 yuan. Among engineers with an annual salary of less than 16,000 yuan, we found that the proportion of engineers with less than 1 year of service is significantly higher, accounting for 35.8%, while this type of respondents accounted for only 8.3% of the total sample. The cross-analysis of different entry time and different education levels shows that: the annual salary of a master's degree graduate one year is 50,000 yuan, and that of a bachelor's degree is 27,808 yuan; the annual salary of a master's degree graduate one to three years is 72,267 yuan, and that of a bachelor's degree is 42,174 yuan; the annual salary of a master's degree graduate three to six years is 93,885 yuan, and that of a bachelor's degree is 66,481 yuan; the annual salary of a master's degree graduate six to nine years is 106,181 yuan, and that of a bachelor's degree is 80,436 yuan. There are two main reasons for this gap. On the one hand, companies need engineers with rich work experience, and companies are usually willing to provide higher remuneration for such talents. In fact, the survey shows that among the respondents with work experience of 6 to 12 years, the proportion of those who serve as project supervisors, senior engineers and chief engineers is significantly higher. On the other hand, the competition in the job market has become increasingly fierce in recent years, especially since the expansion of university enrollment, more graduates have poured into the limited job market, which has directly led to a significant decline in the salary of fresh college graduates compared with a few years ago. Some employers even offer a monthly salary of 400 yuan to fresh college graduates. Mr. Zeng, an engineer at a consumer electronics company in Shanghai, was particularly upset about this. He did not get the high salary he had expected when he just graduated with a master's degree. Compared with some of his undergraduate classmates, they have achieved good career development in three years, and many of them even have incomes far exceeding his current level. Obviously, salary and working time are definitely not a simple "linear" growth relationship. In fact, we found that many of the respondents who have been employed for more than 6 years have assumed different important positions in their respective positions, and some have obtained middle and senior positions/titles such as project manager, senior engineer, and chief engineer. In fact, except for company management and senior titles, the average salary of engineers who have worked for more than 20 years has been on a downward trend. Our statistical data analysis of engineers over the age of 40 found that 71% of this group of engineers have an average annual salary of less than 40,000 yuan. Figure 4: The relationship between time of employment and income.
Figure 5: Relationship between working hours and income.
Analysis of high-salary groups Analysis of industry salary data shows that IC design/manufacturing/packaging and communication electronic systems and equipment are high-salary concentrated industries, with average salaries of 103,190 yuan and 88,750 yuan respectively. In the IC design industry, engineers with annual salaries exceeding 80,000 yuan account for 46.2%, while the communications industry is 40.3%, and the consumer electronics industry is only 24.8%. Foreign-funded enterprises have the most high-salary people, with an average salary of 87,210 yuan, followed by joint ventures, which are 81,100 yuan. The average annual salary of private enterprises and state-owned enterprises is 69,580 and 58,100 yuan respectively. Design engineers with rich work experience are also a high-salary group. Data shows that the average annual salary of bachelor's degree graduates 6 to 9 years ago is 80,436, and the average annual salary of master's degree graduates 3 to 6 years ago is 93,885 yuan, and the annual salary of master's degree graduates 6 to 9 years ago is 106,181 yuan. High- salary industries also have significantly higher academic requirements for engineers. In the IC design/manufacturing/packaging industry, which has the highest average salary, we found that the proportion of engineers with a master's degree or above is significantly higher than that of other industries, reaching 44.7% (the total average of the survey data is 21.9%). Moreover, the demand for higher education in the IC design industry shows a significant trend of increasing year by year: among engineers who have been working for less than 1 year, the proportion of masters is as high as 71.4%, the proportion of 1 to 3 years is 54.8%, and the proportion of more than 3 years is 35.5%. In addition, design engineers are a group with a relatively high salary. Taking the IC industry as an example, the average annual salary of design engineers (including senior engineers) is 88,875 yuan, while the average annual salary of non-design engineers is 70,763, which is only 80% of the former. We further analyzed the distribution of engineer salaries in the two industries of communication systems and equipment and consumer electronics and electrical appliances and found that the salaries of design engineers are at the highest level in these two industries, 20% to 40% higher than other engineers. In fact, for the issue of engineer treatment, it is already a common salary policy for most companies to tilt towards design and sales. Salary and working hours For the electronics industry, overtime has become commonplace for most engineers. Data shows that engineers in China's electronics industry work an average of 48.4 hours per week, and work overtime for an average of 1.7 hours per day. We analyzed the relationship between working hours and salary separately and found an interesting correlation (see Figure 3). Table 1: Comparison of
different divisions of labor, average annual salary and average weekly working hours in the communication system and equipment and consumer electronics industries .
Table 2: Differences in job distribution by gender. 1. High salary means more work . The survey data analysis found that different job divisions have a very obvious correlation with the average length of weekly working hours. Similarly, working hours and average salary have a similar correlation. The chairman/senior manager of the company at the top of the income pyramid is the group that works the most overtime, with an average weekly working time of 55.7 hours, nearly 6 hours higher than the second place; the chief technology officer/chief engineer works an average of 49.8 hours per week; the department manager works an average of 49.5 hours; the supervisor/project leader works an average of 49.3 hours per week; and the engineer (including senior engineer) works an average of 47.7 hours. 2. More work does not necessarily mean higher pay However, the above “more work, more pay” situation is not entirely true for engineers with different divisions of labor. As shown in Figure 4, when the average working time exceeds 60 hours, the salary decreases instead of increases with the increase in working time. We selected the two industries with the most engineers participating in the survey, consumer electronics and communications, to further analyze the different types of work, working hours and salaries of engineers (including senior engineers) (Table 1). It is obvious that the annual salary of design engineers is significantly higher than that of manufacturing/manufacturing and maintenance engineers, while the working hours are much less than the latter. In terms of the nature of the company, state-owned enterprises have the shortest working hours (47 hours) and the lowest salary, while private enterprises have the longest working hours, averaging 49.1 hours, but their average salary is much lower than that of foreign-funded and joint venture enterprises. The phenomenon of “favoring men over women” in salary This survey also found an interesting phenomenon: among the respondents, the average annual salary of women is only 83% of that of men (the average annual salary of men is 76,280 yuan and that of women is 63,330 yuan). Behind this simple data, the division of labor in the technical field is highlighted: the data shows that among female respondents, the percentage of female engineers reached 55.7%, higher than that of males by 7.3%. The percentage of female readers who are department managers, senior engineers, chief technology officers and senior managers is much lower than that of men (Table 2). Regarding this result, Ms. Chen from a research institute in Shanghai believes that because women take on more roles in the family, they usually find it difficult to be as dedicated to work as male engineers. Another female respondent seemed a little aggrieved. She said that women usually need to have children after working for about 3 years. They cannot fully devote themselves to work for more than a year, and usually find it difficult to take on more important work, which directly affects the increase in salary and promotion of positions. Another survey data also proves the fact that in terms of weekly working hours, the average working hours of female engineers are 45.2 hours, and the average working hours of male engineers are 48.7 hours. New Year's "salary" atmosphere "New Year's new atmosphere", facing the upcoming new year, people always have more prospects and expectations. The survey shows that 49% of engineers are dissatisfied with their income. Faced with the company's annual salary adjustment at the end of the year, the hope of increasing salary is the biggest expectation of nearly half of the engineers for the new year. Statistics show that in the past year, the average salary increase of the entire electronics industry was 7.7%, and the average increase between industries was relatively close, roughly between 7.5% and 8.3%. The biggest difference is still reflected in the nature of the company and the different divisions of labor. Foreign-funded and joint ventures are still leading in the salary increase, reaching 8.6% and 8.2% respectively, followed by private enterprises at 7.5%, and the salary increase of state-owned enterprises is only 6.6%. In terms of the nature of work, the salary increase of different jobs is obviously different. Taking the communications and consumer electronics industries as examples, the salary increase of design and development is higher than that of other categories, at 7.8% and 7.6% respectively, while the salary increase of production and manufacturing, maintenance and support, and quality and testing is between 1% and 2.2%. The manager of the mobile phone manufacturing engineering section of a large communication equipment company in Shenzhen complained that many of his colleagues had not received any salary adjustments for nearly two or three years, while the engineers in the design and development department were much luckier and more or less "expressed their opinions". In addition, another survey result showed that the salary increase rate was higher for those who worked longer hours per week: the average increase for those who worked more than 55 hours per week was 8.8%, and the average increase for those who worked 40 hours per week was 6.6%. It seems that more work means more salary increases.
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