Some simple knowledge collected about RFID standards

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Some simple knowledge collected about RFID standards [Copy link]

Iso7816
This specification defines the technical requirements for ID-1 type integrated card with contacts

ISO 10374
The ISO 10374 standard describes the automatic identification system for containers based on microwave transponders.
The transponder is an active device with an operating frequency of 850MHz~950Mhz and 2.4GHz~2.5GHz. As long as the transponder is in this field, it will be activated and respond through backscatter modulation using a deformed FSK subcarrier. The signal is modulated between two subcarrier frequencies of 40kHz and 20kHz.
This standard and ISO 6346 are used together for container identification. ISO 6346 specifies optical identification, while ISO 10374 uses microwaves to characterize optical identification information.

ISO11784 standard ISO 11785
working frequency: 134.2KHz Application Animal identification
ISO 11784 and 11785 respectively specify the code structure and technical criteria for animal identification. The standard does not specify the transponder style and size, so it can be designed to be suitable for various forms of animals involved, such as glass tubes, ear tags or collars. The technical criteria
specify the data transmission method and reader specifications of the transponder. The working frequency is 134.2KHz, and the data transmission mode is full-duplex and half-duplex. The reader data is represented by differential biphase code. The transponder uses FSK modulation and NRZ encoding.
Due to the long transponder charging time and the limitation of working frequency, the communication rate is low.

Iso14223

ISO 10536
The ISO 10536 standard was mainly developed between 1992 and 1995. Due to the high cost of this card and few advantages compared with contact IC cards, this card has never been sold on the market.

Iso14443 operating frequency: 13.56MHz±7KHz
ISO14443 defines two types of protocols: TYPE A and TYPE B. The communication rate is 106kbits/s, and the difference between them lies mainly in the modulation depth of the carrier and the bit encoding method. The reading and writing distance is slightly shorter, but it is widely used.
When transmitting signals from PCD to PICC, TYPE A uses the improved Miller encoding method and the modulation depth is 100% ASK signal; TYPE B uses the NRZ encoding method and the modulation depth is 10% ASK signal.
ISO14443 A teypA is generally used for bus cards and small stored-value cards.
ISO14443 B typeB has high encryption technology and is generally used for ID cards, passports, UnionPay cards, etc. The current second-generation electronic ID card adopts the ISO 14443 TYPE B protocol
ISO14443 C

ISO/IEC 15693 standard.
Working frequency: 13.56MHz±7KHz
Modulation mode: pulse position modulation
VCD and VICC all use ASK modulation principle, with modulation depths of 10% and 100%. VICC must correctly decode the two modulation depths. ISO15693 has a long reading and writing distance, which is of course related to the antenna shape and transmission power of the application system. It is compatible with ISO 18000-3.

ISO18000 series
ISO18000-1 Part 1 Parameter definition of the standard
ISO18000-2 Part 2 Communication interface 125khz, 134.2khz application Animal identification
ISO18000-3 Part 3 13.56MHz frequency communication interface parameters
ISO18000-4 Part 4 Communication interface parameters
ISO18000-5 Part 5
ISO18000-6 Part 6 860-930MHz frequency communication interface parameters, among which ISO 18000-6 is basically a specification that integrates the product specifications of some existing RFID manufacturers and the tag architecture requirements proposed by EAN-UCC. It only specifies the air interface protocol, with no restrictions on data content and data structure, so it can be used for EPC
180006A standard proposed by the British Technology Group (BTG), with the characteristics of large storage capacity, weak anti-collision ability, and multiple command types
180006B standard proposed by Intermec Technologies of the United States, with the characteristics of small storage capacity, strong anti-collision ability, and simple commands
ISO18000-7 Part 7 433MHz frequency communication interface parameters

Iso18092

EPC standard
EPC Global specifies that the carrier frequencies used for EPC are 13.56MHz and 860MHz~930MHz
Class 0 (Read-Only) Class 0 designs use a wider spectrum (4-6MHz), limiting their application to 5MHz in Europe Class 1 (R/W) proposed by Matrics of the United States (recently acquired by Symbol Technology of the United States)
Class 1 devices are limited in scanning range and throughput (scanning range is less than 3 feet, and reading speed is only 1 to 2 tags per second). Alien Technology Company proposed
UHF Generation 2 (R/W) referred to as GEN2

ISO/IEC 15693 standard Details
The performance of the signal interface part that complies with the ISO/IEC 15693 standard is as follows:
1.1 Working frequency The working frequency is 13.56MKz±7KHz
1.2 Working field strength The minimum value of the working field is 0.15A/m and the maximum field is 5A/m.
1.3 Modulation uses two amplitude modulation methods, namely 10% and 100% modulation. The reader should be able to determine which method is used.
1.3.1 100% amplitude modulation (Figure omitted)
1.3.2 10% amplitude modulation (Figure omitted)
1.4 Data encoding
Data encoding uses pulse position modulation. Two data encoding modes: 256 to 1 mode and 4 to 1 mode.
1.5 Data rate: There are two data rates: high and low.
2 Anti-collision and transmission protocol in accordance with ISO/IEC 15693 standard
2.1 Number of data elements
2.1.1 UID Unique identifier A
64-bit unique identifier used to identify a unique transponder in the anti-collision loop and the one-to-one exchange between the reader and the transponder.
2.1.2 AFI Application identifier
AFI indicates the application type locked by the reader. Only transponders that meet the application type are selected.
2.1.3 DSFID Data storage format identifier
DSFID specifies the data structure stored in the transponder.
2.1.4 CRC Cyclic redundancy check code
The initial information is 'FFFF'.
2.2 Storage organization
There are a maximum of 256 blocks; the maximum block size is 256 bits; the maximum storage capacity is 64Kbits.
2.3 Transponder status
Power off state: It is in the power off state when not activated by the reader.
Ready state: After being activated, any request is processed when the selection identifier is not established.
Quit state: The card identification is set, but when the selection identifier is set, any request is processed in this state.
Select state: Only requests for the selection identifier setting are processed.
2.4 Transponder state diagram (omitted)
2.5 Anti-collision
The purpose of the anti-collision sequence is to use the unique identifier UID to determine the only transponder in the workplace. The reader determines anti-collision by setting the slot number identifier. The length of the mask is the length of the signal bit of the mask value. When 16 slots are used, it is a value between 0 and 60; when 1 slot is used, it is any value between 0 and 64.
2.6 Instructions
2.6.1 Instruction types
There are four instruction types: mandatory, optional, custom, and dedicated.
2.6.2 Instruction code [ip] / message