What is the function of audio limiter? How to set the audio limiter threshold?

The role of audio limiter

An audio limiter is a signal processor used to adjust the dynamic range of an audio signal. Its main function is to limit the maximum value of the audio signal amplitude and prevent the signal from being overloaded or distorted. By controlling the peak value of the audio signal, the limiter can ensure that the audio maintains an appropriate volume without causing drastic fluctuations or damaging the audio equipment. It is often used in music production, recording, broadcasting and other fields to improve the quality of audio and protect audio equipment.

How to set the audio limiter threshold

The threshold setting of an audio limiter depends on the effect you want to achieve. The threshold is the value above which the limiter starts to limit the signal. Here are some common ways to set the threshold:

1. Adjust the threshold as needed: Select an appropriate threshold based on the degree of audio dynamic range control you want to achieve. A lower threshold will compress the signal more, while a higher threshold will compress less.

2. Reference audio waveform: By observing the audio waveform, determine the peak of the signal and set the threshold close to or slightly above the peak. This ensures that the threshold is within the appropriate range.

3. Presets: Some audio limiters provide preset threshold options, such as light, medium, and heavy compression. Select the appropriate preset threshold based on your needs.

The threshold setting should be adjusted according to the specific audio content and application environment. The actual threshold setting may require multiple attempts and fine-tuning to achieve the best effect.

The influence of compressor limiter on sound quality

The compressor limiter will have some impact on the sound quality, depending on its settings and how it is used. Here are some common effects:

1. Dynamic range compression: The limiter controls the amplitude of the signal across the entire range by compressing the dynamic range of the audio signal, that is, reducing the peaks and increasing the volume of the bass. This may reduce the dynamics and realism of the audio.

2. Distortion: When the limiter over-compresses the audio signal, it may cause distortion. Distortion may appear as flat-top waveforms, clipping, and distortion, all of which may affect the clarity and accuracy of the audio.

3. Attenuation and boost: Under the processing of the compressor limiter, the high and low frequency parts of the signal may be compressed or boosted. This may cause spectral imbalance or unnatural sound quality changes in the audio context.

However, using the compressor and limiter appropriately and correctly can achieve improvements in audio quality. It can protect audio equipment from overload and damage, balance the audio dynamic range, and improve the stability and consistency of the overall sound. Therefore, when using the compressor and limiter, reasonable settings and fine adjustments are crucial to ensure that the loss of sound quality is minimized.