Research on Automobile Chassis Control Technology

Automobile chassis control technology refers to a technology that controls and manages the automobile chassis system. Its main purpose is to improve the performance, safety and comfort of the car. This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the current status of automobile chassis control technology and explores the development trend of this technology. The article first introduces the concept, classification and development history of automobile chassis control technology, and then gives a detailed introduction to the current mainstream chassis control technology, including suspension system, braking system, steering system, body stability control system, etc. Then, finally, this paper summarizes the current status and future development trend of automobile chassis control technology, and puts forward some suggestions on the research of automobile chassis control technology.

1 Introduction

Automobile chassis control technology refers to a technology that controls and manages the automobile chassis system. Its main purpose is to improve the performance, safety and comfort of the automobile. With the improvement of people's living standards, the requirements for automobiles are getting higher and higher. Chassis control technology has become one of the hot spots in the field of automobile manufacturing and research and development [1]. This paper aims to conduct an in-depth discussion on the current status and future development trends of automobile chassis control technology, and provide reference and reference for the research and application of chassis control technology.

2 Concept, classification and development history of automobile chassis control technology

2.1 Concept and classification of automobile chassis control technology

Automobile chassis control technology refers to a technology that controls and manages the chassis system of an automobile. Its main purpose is to improve the performance, safety and comfort of the automobile [2]. Chassis control technology is an important part of the automobile control system. It controls the motion state of the chassis system to enable the automobile to drive stably under different road conditions. In addition, chassis control technology can be used to control and adjust various motion states during driving, such as suspension system adjustment, brake system control, steering system adjustment, etc.

From the perspective of technical classification, automobile chassis control technology can be divided into the following categories:

(1) Suspension system control technology

The suspension system is an important part of the automobile chassis. Its main function is to cushion the bumps and vibrations encountered by the vehicle during driving and improve the stability and comfort of the vehicle. The suspension system control technology mainly includes electronic suspension control technology, pneumatic suspension control technology, active suspension control technology, etc.

(2) Braking system control technology

The brake system is one of the most critical safety components in automobile driving, which can control the speed and parking of the vehicle during driving. The brake system control technology mainly includes electronic brake control technology, brake force distribution control technology, brake disc and brake pad material technology, etc.

(3) Steering system control technology

The steering system is an important part of the automobile control system, and its main function is to control the steering direction of the car. The steering system control technology mainly includes electronic steering control technology, active steering control technology, steering assist system technology, etc.

(4) Vehicle stability control technology

Vehicle stability control technology is a system composed of sensors, computers and actuators that monitors and controls the sliding, side sliding, rolling and other motion states of the vehicle. Vehicle stability control technology mainly includes electronic stability control technology, active suspension control technology, traction control technology, etc.

2.2 Development History of Automobile Chassis Control Technology

The development of automobile chassis control technology can be traced back to the 1960s, when automobile chassis systems mainly adopted mechanical transmission structures, and chassis control technology was relatively simple, mainly achieved through manual control of the vehicle.

In the early 1970s, electronic technology began to be applied to the automotive field, and some preliminary electronic control technologies began to appear in chassis control technology, such as using sensors to monitor the vehicle's motion state and controlling the brake system through an electronic control unit. The emergence of these technologies has greatly improved the safety and stability of automobiles, but there are still some limitations, such as insufficient response to road conditions and insufficient accuracy in monitoring the vehicle's motion state.

With the rapid development of computer technology since the mid-1980s, chassis control technology has also experienced rapid development. The processing power of electronic control units has been greatly improved, which can more accurately monitor the vehicle's motion state and achieve more precise control. At the same time, various new chassis control technologies have emerged, such as electronic stability control technology and active suspension control technology. The application of these technologies has further improved the performance and safety of automobiles [3].

In recent years, with the continuous development of artificial intelligence and Internet of Things technologies, automobile chassis control technology has been further improved. Artificial intelligence technology can more accurately predict and control the movement state of vehicles, and Internet of Things technology can achieve interconnection between vehicles and road infrastructure, further improving the level of automobile chassis control technology. At the same time, the emergence of new energy vehicles has also brought about some new chassis control technology needs, such as motor control technology for electric vehicles.

3 Current Status of Automobile Chassis Control Technology

3.1 Suspension system

The suspension system is a very important part of the automobile chassis control technology, which directly affects the comfort and stability of the car. Currently, the main suspension systems on the market are independent suspension systems and non-independent suspension systems.

An independent suspension system means that each wheel has an independent suspension system, which can adapt to road conditions more flexibly and improve the stability and comfort of the vehicle. A non-independent suspension system means that two wheels share a suspension system, which is cheaper than an independent suspension system, but has relatively poor stability and comfort.

At present, the suspension systems used in some high-end cars on the market have reached a very high level. For example, the pneumatic suspension system of Mercedes-Benz can automatically adjust the height of the vehicle body to adapt to the height and potholes of the road, thereby improving the stability and comfort of the vehicle.

3.2 Braking system

The braking system is a very important part of the automobile chassis control technology, which is directly related to the safety of the car. Currently, the main braking systems on the market are the traditional hydraulic braking system and the electronic control braking system.

Traditional hydraulic brake systems use hydraulic pressure to tighten the brakes to achieve the braking effect. Electronically controlled brake systems, on the other hand, use electronic control units to control the brake pressure, which can more accurately control the braking effect. Commonly used technologies in electronically controlled brake systems include anti-lock braking technology (ABS), electronic brake force distribution technology (EBD), and brake assist technology (BA) [4].

3.3 Steering system

The steering system is a very important part of the automobile chassis control technology, which is directly related to the controllability and safety of the car. Currently, the main steering systems on the market are the traditional mechanical steering system and the electronic control steering system.

Traditional mechanical steering systems use mechanical structures to achieve steering, and because of their simple structure, they are relatively low cost. Electronically controlled steering systems, on the other hand, use electronic control units to control steering, which can more accurately control the steering effect. In electronically controlled steering systems, commonly used technologies include electric power steering (EPS) and active steering (STS).

EPS refers to the use of electric motors to assist steering, which greatly reduces the steering effort of the driver. The advantages of EPS are fast response speed, energy saving and environmental protection, as well as good stability and reliability. In contrast, the mechanical steering system relies on the driver's strength to steer, and the driver needs to bear greater steering force, which can easily cause fatigue and unstable driving. At the same time, the mechanical steering system is also prone to oil and air leakage and other problems, requiring regular maintenance.

In addition to EPS technology, there is another emerging steering technology, namely, active steering technology (STS). This technology uses electronic control units, motors, sensors and other equipment to monitor and analyze the vehicle's driving status, automatically adjust the vehicle's steering angle and steering force, and achieve more stable and safe steering of the vehicle[6]. STS technology can greatly improve the vehicle's handling and stability, especially at high speeds and complex road conditions, and can better ensure the safety of the vehicle.