How does the on-board charger fully charge an electric car?

Nowadays, electric cars are becoming more and more popular and have become a beautiful sight on the road. The onboard charger is the core component for realizing energy conversion inside electric cars. However, many readers still don’t know what its function is.

01

According to the explanation given by Baidu Encyclopedia: On-board charger (OBC) refers to a charger fixedly installed on an electric vehicle, which has the ability to safely, quickly and conveniently fully charge the power battery. It dynamically adjusts the charging current and voltage parameters based on the data provided by the battery management system BMS, executes the corresponding charging actions, and completes the charging process.

After seeing this explanation, many friends are still confused. How does the on-board charger fully charge the electric car? Let's take a look together.

02

The OBC on-board charger is mainly divided into two parts, the power supply part and the charger control mainboard. The main function of the power supply part is to convert the single-phase 220V or three-phase 380V AC from the power grid into the DC required by the power battery, which involves an important function of AC to DC conversion. The main function of the charger control mainboard is to control, monitor, measure, correct, protect the power supply part, and communicate with the external network. It is the "central brain" of the on-board charger.

Internal diagram of the on-board charger The network communication with the outside world mentioned here is mainly through the high-speed CAN network to communicate with the battery management system BMS. Determine whether the battery connection status is correct, and obtain the battery system parameters and the real-time data of the battery before and during charging. In addition, it is necessary to communicate with the vehicle monitoring system, upload the working status, working parameters and fault alarm information, and receive the command to start or stop charging. CAN network communication is currently the most efficient communication method. The on-board charger developed and produced by Dilong New Energy uses CAN high-speed network communication.

03

It can be said that OBC is a key component that converts the AC power input from the power grid into DC power and determines the charging power and efficiency. The development of its technology has promoted the popularization and practicality of electric vehicles. At present, the output power of OBC equipped with mainstream electric passenger cars on the market is generally 3.3KW and 6.6KW. The chargers equipped with commercial vehicles and engineering machinery vehicles have a higher output power, reaching 10KW, 20KW and 40KW. The output power of OBC determines the length of charging time. Due to the limitations of the vehicle space size and the power grid voltage, the power is generally small and the charging speed is slow, commonly known as slow charging. But with its existence, it greatly facilitates the charging needs of electric vehicles and improves the cruising range of electric vehicles.

04

As electric vehicles become more and more popular, on-board charger manufacturers have also ushered in a spring of development. As a world-renowned on-board charger manufacturer, Dilong New Energy is naturally driven by the market's large-scale demand for OBC. With its strong independent research and development capabilities and reliable product quality, Dilong's OBC products are exported to developed countries such as Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States. Through unremitting efforts, it has become a world-renowned supplier of OBC on-board chargers.

Its OBC product adopts internationally advanced LLC resonance technology, soft switching technology, full digital control technology, high-speed DSP chip controller, etc., with a full load efficiency of up to 95%, reliable operation and high stability. The product output power covers 2KW-40KW, meeting the application needs of various new energy vehicles such as passenger cars, commercial vehicles, buses, special vehicles, as well as shipboard and shipboard applications. The AC input adopts active power factor correction PFC, and the power factor is ≥0.99, which effectively realizes the green grid. It has a wide voltage input range of AC220V (85V-265V) & AC380V (147V-457V), which meets the charging standard requirements at home and abroad. It also has complete safety protection functions such as overheating protection, battery reverse connection protection, no-load protection, short circuit protection, overvoltage and undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, automatic shutdown when fully charged, etc. The heat dissipation methods include self-cooling, air cooling and liquid cooling design, and adopts a sealed waterproof and dustproof structure with a grade of up to IP67. The temperature rise is lower than natural cooling, the whole machine works stably and reliably, meets the needs of various harsh environments, and has a longer trouble-free operation time.

More importantly, Dilong New Energy OBC uses intelligent charging for power batteries, judging the relative capacity of the battery and identifying the ambient temperature during the charging process. It uses the constant voltage, constant current, and constant power automatic conversion method to charge according to the battery status, effectively saving charging time and extending the battery life. It is precisely because Dilong New Energy OBC products have such significant and unique advantages and characteristics that they have been recognized and favored by customers at home and abroad, and have been widely used in new energy vehicles in dozens of countries around the world.