Wave soldering is a process in which molten liquid solder is pumped to form a solder wave of a specific shape on the liquid surface of the solder tank. The PCB with components installed is placed on the conveyor chain and passes through the solder wave at a specific angle and a certain immersion depth to achieve soldering of solder points. Wave crest surface: The surface of the wave is covered with a layer of oxide skin, which remains static almost throughout the length of the solder wave. During the wave soldering process, the PCB contacts the front surface of the tin wave, the oxide skin breaks, and the tin wave in front of the PCB is pushed forward without wrinkles, which means that the entire oxide skin and the PCB move at the same speed. Wave soldering machine solder joint formation: When the PCB enters the front end of the wave crest (A), the substrate and the pins are heated, and before leaving the wave crest surface (B), the entire PCB is immersed in solder, that is, bridged by solder, but at the moment of leaving the tail end of the wave crest, a small amount of solder adheres to the pad due to the wetting force, and due to surface tension, it will shrink to the minimum state with the lead as the center. At this time, the wetting force between the solder and the pad is greater than the cohesive force of the solder between the two pads. Therefore, a full and round solder joint will be formed, and the excess solder leaving the tail of the wave crest will fall back into the tin pot due to gravity.
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