Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is one of the important contents in digital signal processing and is the core algorithm in many signal processing processes. This paper first summarizes some common algorithms of fast Fourier transform, and comprehensively considers various factors, adopts the radix-2 frequency extraction algorithm as the implementation algorithm, and then compares the two ways of implementing digital signal processing with field programmable gate array (FPGA) and DSP processor, pointing out their respective advantages and disadvantages. Finally, using FPGA chip XCS200 as the hardware platform and ISE6 as the software platform, a 512-point 16-bit complex fast Fourier transform system is implemented using VHDL language description, and simulation and synthesis are carried out. The simulation results show that the calculation results have achieved a certain accuracy, and the running speed can meet the requirements of general real-time signal processing.
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