The power supply voltage of the MSP430 series microcontroller adopts a low voltage of 1.8~3.6V. The power consumption is only 0.1uA in RAM data retention mode, 250pA/MIPS (MIPS: millions of instructions per second) in active mode, and the maximum leakage current of the IO input port is only 50nA. The MSP430 series microcontroller has a unique clock system design, including two different clock systems: the basic clock system and the frequency-locked loop (FLL and FLL+) clock system or the DCO digital oscillator clock system. The clock system generates the clocks required by the CPU and each functional module, and these clocks can be turned on or off under the control of instructions, thereby realizing the control of overall power consumption. Due to the different functional modules used when the system is running, that is, different working modes are used, the power consumption of the chip is significantly different. There are a total of 10 active modes (AM) and 5 low power modes (LPM0~LPM4) in the system. In addition, the MSP430 series microcontroller uses vector interrupts, supports more than ten interrupt sources, and can be nested arbitrarily. It only takes 6us to wake up the CPU using an interrupt request. Through reasonable programming, it can not only reduce system power consumption but also respond quickly to external event requests.
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