The main steps to control common-mode radiated EMI in board-level design. The main steps to control common-mode radiated EMI in board-level design. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) refers to the stray energy emitted by the circuit board or the stray energy entering the circuit board from the outside. It includes: Conducted (low frequency) EMI, radiated (high frequency) EMI, ESD (electrostatic discharge) or EMI caused by lightning. Conducted and radiated EMI has differential-mode and common-mode manifestations. When dealing with various forms of EMI, specific issues must be analyzed in detail. For EMI caused by ESD and lightning, EMI suppression devices must be used to eliminate ESD and lightning before they enter the system to prevent abnormal operation or damage to the system. For conducted or low-frequency EMI, whether receiving or transmitting, filtering measures must be taken on the power line and the transmission line of the circuit board input/output port. There are three basic forms of radiated EMI suppression: electronic filtering, mechanical shielding and interference source suppression. Among all EMI forms, radiated EMI is the most difficult to control because the frequency range of radiated EMI is from 30MHz to several GHz. In this frequency range, the wavelength of energy is very short, and even very short wiring on the circuit board can become Transmitting antenna. In addition, the inductance of the circuit increases in this frequency band, which may lead to increased noise. When EMI is high, the circuit easily loses its normal function. Although the control and shielding of radiated EMI can be suppressed by mechanical shielding technology, electronic filtering or interference sources, and electronic filtering and mechanical shielding technology are very effective in suppressing EMI and are also commonly used in practice, these two methods are usually used to control radiation. The second line of defense against EMI. Electronic filtering technology is more expensive due to the need for additional components and increased installation time. In addition, users often open the screen door of the equipment or remove the back panel to facilitate maintenance of internal components or PC boards. Therefore, mechanical shielding technology is often useless. Therefore, the main way to control EMI is to reduce the energy of the radiation source and control the size of the electromagnetic field generated by the voltage and current on the circuit board. Most circuits are mounted within the confines of a circuit board, so careful design at the board level can control inductance, capacitance, transient voltages, and current paths, thereby controlling the magnitude of the electromagnetic field. Since factors such as inductance, capacitance, transient voltage, and current paths have different effects on EMI, this article will focus on the main steps to control common-mode radiated EMI in board-level design. In order to better understand this article...
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