Principle and Application of RF Logarithmic Amplifier Principle and Application of Logarithmic Amplifier Source: Electronic Products World/Beijing Aeronautical Engineering Technology Research Center Luo Peng Ding Yasheng 2005-10-22 Click: 4318 Signal Compression In the real world, some signals often have a very wide dynamic range. For example, in radio systems such as radar and sonar, the dynamic range of the receiver front-end signal can reach more than 120dB; the current at the front end of the optical fiber receiver can also range from \"pA\" level to \"mA\" level. Wide dynamic range often brings many problems to application design. On the one hand, linear amplifiers cannot handle such a wide dynamic range. On the other hand, in DA conversion, while ensuring resolution, the number of bits of the analog-to-digital converter will increase with the increase of dynamic range. Therefore, when processing signals with a wide dynamic range, their dynamic range is often compressed to a processable level. If the impedance in a system is linear, the power of the signal is proportional to the square of the voltage, and the dynamic range of the signal can be expressed in voltage or power. In engineering applications, dynamic range compression is divided into \"linear compression\" and \"non-linear compression\". Linear compression means that the gain of the amplifier is independent of the size of the signal, and the output remains basically constant. The characteristic of linear compression makes harmonic distortion small, and its essence is a \"voltage-controlled amplifier\" (VCA). The best example of nonlinear compression is the logarithmic amplifier. It is a device with a logarithmic relationship between input and output signals. Its compression of the dynamic range of the signal does not require the level of the input signal to control the gain like the AGC system. Its gain is inversely proportional to the size of the signal. It is widely used in communications, radar, electronic countermeasures, and electronic measurement. The essence of logarithmic amplifiers For many years, people have had a vague understanding of the essence of logarithmic amplifiers. People usually regard it as an amplifier, which downplays its nonlinear characteristics. It is even more wrong to regard them as special types of amplifiers. Although these circuits provide some amplification functions, such as high gain for small signals in RF and IF amplifiers, their real purpose is to achieve accurate logarithmic conversion. Strictly speaking, these circuits should be called \"logarithmic converters.\" But over the years, people have become accustomed to the name \"logarithmic amplifier.\" IC manufacturers are also reluctant to cause users to misunderstand the nature and purpose of their products because of the name change. Therefore, this...
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