Content Introduction This book is the accumulation and summary of the author\'s many years of hardware design and development experience. It introduces a complete hardware development process. The book contains both theory and practice. The main contents include: project establishment, demand analysis, system design, detailed parameter design, testing, maintenance and team division of labor and cooperation. All key nodes of the entire hardware life cycle are organized in an orderly manner to complete the hardware development work efficiently and with high quality. This book is suitable for the majority of hardware design engineers and project managers to read, and can effectively guide the work of hardware engineers. This book is also suitable for undergraduate students majoring in electronic engineering, which is convenient for students to master the theory and methods of hardware reliability design during the school stage. Special note: Due to the author\'s change of signature order and re-submission of the topic, the original \"100,000 Whys of Hardware (Development Process)\" topic has been terminated. Author Profile Wang Yuhao: Professor, doctoral supervisor, IET Fellow, IEEE Senior Member, one of the first batch of innovation and entrepreneurship mentors of the Ministry of Education, Director of Jiangxi Embedded System Engineering Research Center, Dean of Nanchang University Artificial Intelligence Industrial Research Institute, and Vice President of Shangrao Normal University. Fu Shiyong: Technical Director of \"Hardware 100,000 Whys\", formerly Huawei hardware system engineer, expert in PoE technology, and participated in the formulation of IEEE802.3bt standard (high-power PoE standard) as an IEEE member. Mao Yufei: After being a hardware engineer, he transformed into process management, R&D management and other work. He has participated in product management system optimization and process optimization projects of many technology manufacturing companies and has rich experience in product management system design, process design and change management. Zhu Xiaoming: Founder of \"Hardware 100,000 Whys\", with about 200,000 hardware engineer fans. He has served as Huawei hardware manager, maintenance manager, product manager, product planner, and system designer. Hua Rui: Huawei has 13 years of hardware project development and team management experience, and has led the development of many types of hardware products, including frame-type complex hardware products, box-type mass delivery hardware products, and wireless access hardware products. Jiang Xiuguo: Technical Support Manager of Greater China, Keysight Technologies (China) Co., Ltd., has more than 10 years of high-speed product design experience. Chu Wenchang: Alibaba senior product expert, has worked for ZTE, Huawei, Accenture and other companies. Zhao Yuxiang: First-class construction engineer, registered cost engineer, has many years of experience in the construction industry. Zhang Hongbo: Deputy Director of the 34th Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, in charge of product development, project management, product sales and other work. ContentsChapter 1 Overview of Hardware Development Process……………………………………1 Chapter 2 Project Establishment……………………………………………………6 2.1 Why should engineers pay attention to project establishment…………7 2.1.1 It is important to know not only the results but also the reasons………7 2.1.2 Growing from a hardware engineer to a hardware product manager……………8 2.2 Advanced technology ≠ commercial success………………8 2.3 The core content of hardware product project establishment………10 2.3.1 The first step: market trend judgment……10 2.3.2 The second step: competitor analysis……12 2.3.3 The third step: customer analysis………16 2.3.4 The fourth step: product definition……………18 2.3.5 The fifth step: development execution strategy……21 2.4 How to conduct project evaluation? ………………23 2.4.1 Problems caused by insufficient communication during project establishment………………23 2.4.2 Let everyone participate in the project establishment review and express their opinions……… ... 4.2 Milestones, hierarchical planning, critical path… 43 4.3 Make plans, follow up frequently, and close the loop… 46 4.4 Scope management… 48 4.5 Change management… 51 Chapter 5 Overall design… 55 5.1 Overview of overall design… 56 5.2 Convert requirements into specifications… 57 5.3 Hardware architecture design… 62 5.4 Hardware feasibility analysis… 66 5.4.1 Hardware solution evaluation… 66 5.4.2 Device selection and performance evaluation… 71 5.4.3 Pre-layout, structural design, thermal design… 76 5.4.4 Pre-SI simulation… 82 5.4.5 Hardware cost management… 86 5.5.1 Hardware logic block diagram…93 5.5.2 Hardware special analysis…94 5.5.3 Hardware common basic module design…99 5.5.4 Hardware DFX design…101 5.5.5 Patent layout…107 Chapter 6 Detailed design…114 6.1 Hardware detailed design…115 6.1.1 Why write a detailed design document…115 6.1.2 Overview of detailed design documents…116 6.1.3 Design entry of detailed design documents…117 6.1.4 EMC, ESD, protection and safety design…119 6.2 Schematic drawing…120 6.2.1 Schematic and PCB drawing tools…121 6.2.2 Schematic drawing specifications……………121 6.3 Schematic review…………………………124 6.4 Normalization………………………………127 6.5 Software and hardware interface document design…131 6.6 FMEA analysis………………………133 6.7 PCB engineering requirements form……………138 6.8 PCB detailed design………………………138 6.8.1 PCB layout and wiring design…139 6.8.2 SI post-simulation…………………146 6.9 PCB review……………………………147 6.9.1 Considerations in the layout stage…147 6.9.2 Considerations in wiring……………148 6.9.3 Grounding treatment…………………149 Chapter 7 Hardware Testing……………………………………152 7.1 Hardware debugging…………………………153 7.1.1 7.1.2 Power supply debugging 154 7.1.3 Clock debugging 154 7.1.4 Main chip and peripheral small system debugging 155 7.1.5 Storage device and serial port peripheral debugging 155 7.1.6 Other functional module debugging 155 7.2 White box test 156 7.2.1 Basic performance test 156 7.2.2 Signal integrity test 159 7.3 Functional test 164 7.3.1 Whole machine specification test 164 7.3.2 Whole machine trial assembly test 166 7.3.3 DFX test 167 7.4 Professional experiment 170 7.4.1 EMC test 170 7.4.2 Safety Test…………………………173 7.4.3 HALT Test……………………175 7.4.4 HASS Test………………………180 7.5 Long-term Reliability Test…………………182 7.5.1 Environmental Test………………………182 7.6 Mass Production Reliability Test……………185 7.6.1 Production Small Batch Test………185 7.6.2 Equipment Test…………………185 7.6.3 Device Conformity Test………186 7.6.4 Process Procedure and Board Repair Technical Description…187 Chapter 8 Hardware Maintenance………………………188 8.1 Maintenance Review………………………189 8.2 Maintainability and Reliability Acceptance………190 8.3 Supply Availability Guarantee……………191 8.4 8.10 DFX Requirements Construction ………………………………………… 214 Chapter 9 Team Building …………………………………………………… 216 9.1 Whiteboard Explanation ………………………………………… 217 9.2 Brother Culture ……………………………………………… 219 9.3 Performance Management ………………………………………… 220 9.4 New Employee Training ……………………………… 226 9.5 Thought Mentor ……………………………………………… 228 9.6 Issue Tracking………………………………230 Chapter 10 Process and R&D Management………………………………234 10.1 Why is IPD successful in Huawei? ………235 10.2 What is a process? …………………236 10.3 What is the value of a process? ……………237 10.4 Basic elements of a process……………………240 10.5 How to manage a process? …………………244 10.6 Process is not a panacea…………………………252 10.7 The core methodology of a process………………254
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