Power Analyzer
PA4000 Datasheet
Applications
Power Conversion
Power Generation
Inverters
Motor Drives
Electrical Propulsion
UPS
Frequency Converters
Tektronix PA4000 Power Analyzers deliver highly accurate, multi-channel
power, energy, and efficiency measurements. Precisely-matched inputs,
unique Spiral Shunt
™
technology, and advanced signal processing deliver
high accuracy even with highly modulated waveforms and crest factors as
high as 10. The versatile PA4000 offers comprehensive power
measurements. Dual current shunts provide optimal resolution from
microwatts to kilowatts. Harmonics analysis up to the 100
th
harmonic, and
motor analysis with torque and speed inputs are included in the standard
instrument. Every PA4000 comes with multiple PC interfaces, PC software,
and USB flash drive support to help you collect and analyze data.
Electric and Hybrid Vehicle
High-Efficiency Lighting
Consumer Electronics
Standby Power
Flexible voltage and current input choices to
fit your application
The PA4000 is the only instrument of its kind to feature both high- and low-
range internal current shunts in each input module. The 30-Amp shunt is
perfect for many applications and can accept up to 200 A peak; but for
measuring low-current devices the 1 A shunt provides increased resolution
and accuracy for measurements down into the microamp range. For
measuring currents over 30 Amps, a selection of matching external current
transducers are available in several styles, including high-accuracy
transducers up to 1000 A.
The PA4000's voltage inputs can accept up to 1000 V
rms
, 2000 V
peak
,
continuous.
Key features
1 to 4 Input Modules allows several configurations to match your
application
High measurement accuracy of 0.04% (basic voltage & current
accuracy) for demanding test requirements
Dual internal current shunts for each module maximize accuracy for
high- and low-current measurements
Unique Spiral Shunt
TM
design maintains stability over variations in
current, temperature, etc. (patent applied for)
Proprietary frequency detection algorithms ensure rock-solid frequency
tracking even on noisy waveforms
Application-specific test modes simplify instrument setup and reduce
the likelihood of user error
Easy data export to USB flash drive or remote PC software, for
reporting and/or remote control
Many standard features such as comm ports and harmonic analysis
eliminate costly upgrade options
PA4000 Rear Panel - Input Modules
Datasheet
Unique Spiral Shunt
™
technology (patent
applied for)
The PA4000 employs an innovative Spiral Shunt design that ensures
stable, linear response over a wide range of input current levels, ambient
temperatures, crest factors, and other variables. This new design is superior
to other shunt technologies and contributes to the instrument's reliable
accuracy and repeatability over a wide range of signal conditions common
in today's power conversion technologies. The spiral construction not only
minimizes stray inductance (for optimum high frequency performance) but
also provides for high overload capability and improved thermal stability.
Application-Specific test modes
Some applications require special instrument settings to ensure proper
measurements. The PA4000 simplifies setup for these applications by
automatically choosing instrument settings and parameters that are
optimized for each type of measurement application, resulting in more
reliable measurement results with less opportunity for user setup error.
Selection of application-specific test modes.
PWM motor drive mode
PWM motor mode is designed to overcome the difficulties associated with
making measurements on the complex waveforms commonly found on the
motor drives. High frequency sampling is combined with digital filtering to
reject the carrier frequency and extract the motor frequency while still using
prefiltered data for power parameters
Spiral Shunt for 30 A input
Standby power mode
Driven by consumer demand and energy efficiency regulations (such as
ENERGY STAR), there is an ever-increasing need to measure power
consumption of products while they are in standby mode. One of the most
widely used standards for measurement is IEC 62301. Part of this standard
requires the measurement of power over a prolonged period of time without
missing any short duration power events. The PA4000 standby power mode
provides continuous sampling of voltage and current to produce an accurate
Watts measurement over the user specified period.
Spiral Shunt for 1 A input
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PA4000 Power Analyzer
Ballast mode
Ballast mode synchronizes measurements for highly modulated electronic
ballast waveforms. In modern electronic lighting ballasts, it is often difficult
to make accurate measurements because the output signals are high
frequency waveforms that are heavily modulated by the power frequency.
Ballast mode provides a way of locking the measurement period to the
power frequency.
Standard communication ports
The PA4000 comes standard with USB, Ethernet, and
RS-232 communication ports, plus a front-mounted USB port for data export
to a flash drive. GPIB is available as a factory-installed option.
Integrator mode
Integrator mode is used to provide measurements for determining energy
consumption (Watt-hours, Ampere-hours, etc.). In addition, for certain
parameters, average values are also available.
Standard harmonics analysis
The PA4000 features harmonics analysis to the 100
th
harmonic as a
standard feature. Harmonics, THD, and related measurements can all be
analyzed simultaneously with other power parameters. Accurate
measurement of harmonic amplitude, phase, and harmonic power are
included, which are critical to the analysis of losses in rotating machinery.
PA4000 rear panel, with communication ports
Harmonics bar chart display mode.
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Datasheet
Specifications
Measurements
Available measurements
V
rms
- Volts RMS
A
rms
- Amps RMS
WATT - Watts
VA - Volt-Amps
VAR - Volt-Amps Reactive
FRQ - Frequency
PF - Power factor
VPK+ - Volts peak (positive)
VPK- - Volts peak (negative)
APK+ - Amps peak (positive)
APK- - Amps peak (negative)
VDC - Volts DC
ADC - Amps DC
VRMN - Volts rectified mean
ARMN - Amps rectified mean
VCF - Voltage crest factor
ACF - Current crest factor
VTHD - Volts Total Harmonic Distortion
Voltage and current ranges
Voltage Ranges
Current Ranges (30 A Shunt)
Current Ranges (1 A Shunt)
Current Ranges (External
Shunt)
Measurement accuracy - voltage
and current
Voltage Accuracy, V
rms
( 45 Hz
± 0.04% of Reading ± 0.04% of Range ± 0.02 V
- 850 Hz )
Voltage Accuracy, V
rms
( 10 Hz
± 0.05% of Reading ± 0.05% of Range ± (0.02*F)% of Reading ± 0.02 V (typical)
- 45 Hz, 850 Hz - 1 MHz )
Voltage Accuracy, DC
Voltage Accuracy, V
rmn
± 0.05% of Reading ± 0.1% of Range ± 0.05 V
± 0.2% of Reading ± 0.1% of Range ± 0.1 V
2000 V
peak
, 1000 V
peak
, 500 V
peak
, 200 V
peak
, 100 V
peak
, 50 V
peak
, 20 V
peak
, 5 V
peak
, 2 V
peak
200 A
peak
, 100 A
peak
, 50 A
peak
, 20 A
peak
, 10 A
peak
, 5 A
peak
, 2 A
peak
, 1 A
peak
, 0.5 A
peak
, 0.2 A
peak
, 0.1 A
peak
5 A
peak
, 2 A
peak
, 1 A
peak
, 0.5 A
peak
, 0.2 A
peak
, 0.1 A
peak
, 0.25 A
peak
, 0.0125 A
peak
, 0.005 A
peak
, 0.0025 A
peak
3 V
peak
, 1.5 V
peak
, 0.75 V
peak
, 0.3 V
peak
, 0.15 V
peak
, 0.075 V
peak
, 0.03 V
peak
, 0.015 V
peak
, 0.0075 V
peak
VDF - Volts Distortion Factor
VTIF - Volts Telephone Influence Factor
ATHD - Amps Total Harmonic Distortion
ADF - Amps Distortion Factor
ATIF - Amps Telephone Influence Factor
VF - Fundamental Volts rms
AF - Fundamental Amps rms
IMP - Impedance
RES - Resistance
REA - Reactance
HR - Integrator time
WHR - Watt Hours
VAH - VA Hours
VRH - VAr Hours
AHR - Amp Hours
WAV - Average Watts
PFAV - Average Power Factor
CVAR - Correction VArs
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PA4000 Power Analyzer
Effect of Common Mode
(Typical)
1000 V, 60Hz < 10 mV
100 V, 100 kHz < 50 mV
Current Accuracy, A
rms
( 45 Hz
± 0.04% of Reading ± 0.04% of Range ± (20 µV/Z
ext
)
- 850 Hz )
Current Accuracy, A
rms
( 10 Hz
± 0.05% of Reading ± 0.05% of Range ± (0.02*F)% of Reading ± (20 µV/Z
ext
) (typical)
- 45 Hz, 850 Hz - 1 MHz )
Current Accuracy, DC
Current Accuracy, A
rmn
Measurement accuracy - power
Watts Accuracy
VA Accuracy
VAR Accuracy
PF Accuracy
Measurement accuracy - Harmonic
magnitude and phase
Voltage Harmonics (45 Hz -
850 Hz) (Typical for 10 Hz to
45 Hz and 850 Hz to 1 MHz)
Voltage Harmonics Phase
(45 Hz - 850 Hz) (Typical for
10 Hz to 45 Hz and 850 Hz to
1 MHz)
Current Harmonics (45 Hz -
850 Hz) (Typical for 10 Hz to
45 Hz and 850 Hz to 1 MHz)
Current Harmonics Phase
(45 Hz - 850 Hz) (Typical for
10 Hz to 45 Hz and 850 Hz to
1 MHz)
± 0.08% of Reading ± 0.08% of Range ± (0.02*F)% of Reading ± 0.02 V
Cos θ -cos [ θ± ( Vh1
ph.err
± Ah1
ph.err
)] ± 0.001
(V
rms
acc. x A
rms
x PF) ± (A
rms
acc. x V
rms
x PF) ± (V
rms
x A
rms
x cos θ -cos { θ± (Vh1
ph.err.
± Ah1
ph.err.
)})
(V
rms
acc. x A
rms
) ± (A
rms
acc. x V
rms
)
± 0.05% of Reading ± 0.1% of Range ± (50 µV/Z
ext
)
± 0.2% of Reading ± 0.1% of Range ± (100 µV/Z
ext
)
0.025 ± [ 0.005 * V
range
/ V
reading
)] ± (0.1 / V
range
) ± ( 0.002 *F )
± 0.08% of Reading ± 0.08% of Range ± (0.02*F)% of Reading ± (20 µV /Z
ext
)
0.025 ± [0.005 * A
range
/ A
reading
)] ± (0.001 / A
range *
Z
ext
)) ± (0.002 *F)
Physical characteristics
Dimensions
Height
Width
Depth
Weight
Temperature
Net (without lead set)
Storage
Operating
13.2 cm.
42 cm.
31 cm.
8.8 kg
-20
0
○
○
5.2 in.
16.5 in.
12.5 in.
19.5 lb.
C to +60
○
○
C
C to +40
C
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