TL081CP datasheet, PDF - EEWORLD Datasheet

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TL081CP: DescriptionIC,OP-AMP,SINGLE,BIPOLAR/JFET,DIP,8PIN,PLASTIC; CategoryAnalog mixed-signal IC Amplifier circuit; File Size197KB，30 Pages; ManufacturerFREESCALE (NXP)

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TL081CP Overview

IC,OP-AMP,SINGLE,BIPOLAR/JFET,DIP,8PIN,PLASTIC

TL081CP Parametric

Parameter Name	Attribute value
Is it Rohs certified?	incompatible
Maker	FREESCALE (NXP)
package instruction	DIP, DIP8,.3
Reach Compliance Code	unknown
Amplifier type	OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
Architecture	VOLTAGE-FEEDBACK
frequency compensation	YES
Maximum input offset voltage	20000 µV
JESD-30 code	R-PDIP-T8
JESD-609 code	e0
low-bias	YES
low-dissonance	NO
Nominal Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup)	-15 V
Number of functions	1
Number of terminals	8
Maximum operating temperature	70 °C
Minimum operating temperature
Package body material	PLASTIC/EPOXY
encapsulated code	DIP
Encapsulate equivalent code	DIP8,.3
Package shape	RECTANGULAR
Package form	IN-LINE
power supply	+-15 V
Certification status	Not Qualified
Nominal supply voltage (Vsup)	15 V
surface mount	NO
Temperature level	COMMERCIAL
Terminal surface	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)
Terminal form	THROUGH-HOLE
Terminal pitch	2.54 mm
Terminal location	DUAL

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Stability Analysis of

Voltage Feedback Op Amps

Including Compensation Techniques

Application

Report

March 2001

Mixed Signal Products

SLOA020A

IMPORTANT NOTICE

Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue

any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information

to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold

subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those

pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability.

TI warrants performance of its products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with

TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary

to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except

those mandated by government requirements.

Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components.

In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating

safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards.

TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent

that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other

intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such

products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third party’s products

or services does not constitute TI’s approval, license, warranty or endorsement thereof.

Reproduction of information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without

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or reproduction of this information with alteration voids all warranties provided for an associated TI product or

service, is an unfair and deceptive business practice, and TI is not responsible nor liable for any such use.

Resale of TI’s products or services with

statements different from or beyond the parameters

stated by TI for

that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service,

is an unfair and deceptive business practice, and TI is not responsible nor liable for any such use.

Also see: Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale for Semiconductor Products. www.ti.com/sc/docs/stdterms.htm

Mailing Address:

Texas Instruments

Post Office Box 655303

Dallas, Texas 75265



2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated

Contents

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2 Development of the Circuit Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3 Internal Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4 External Compensation, Stability, and Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5 Dominant-Pole Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

6 Gain Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

7 Lead Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

8 Compensated Attenuator Applied to Op Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

9 Lead-Lag Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

10 Comparison of Compensation Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

11 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

12 Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

List of Figures

1 Feedback System Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 Feedback Loop Broken to Calculate Loop Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3 Noninverting Op Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4 Inverting Op Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5 Inverting Op Amp: Feedback Loop Broken for Loop Gain Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

6 Miller Effect Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

7 TL03X Frequency and Time Response Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

8 Phase Margin and Percent Overshoot Versus Damping Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

9 TL07X Frequency and Time Response Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

10 TL08X Frequency and Time Response Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

11 TLV277X Frequency Response Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

12 TLV227X Time Response Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

13 Capacitively-Loaded Op Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

14 Capacitively-Loaded Op Amp With Loop Broken for Loop Gain (Aβ) Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

15 Possible Bode Plot of the Op Amp Described in Equation 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

16 Dominant-Pole Compensation Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

17 Gain Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

18 Lead-Compensation Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

19 Lead-Compensation Bode Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

20 Inverting Op Amp With Lead Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

21 Noninverting Op Amp With Lead Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

22 Op Amp With Stray Capacitance on the Inverting Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

23 Compensated Attenuator Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

24 Compensated Attenuator Bode Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

25 Lead-Lag Compensated Op Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

26 Bode Plot of Lead-Lag Compensated Op Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

27 Closed-Loop Plot of Lead-Lag Compensated Op Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Stability Analysis of Voltage-Feedback Op Amps

iii

Stability Analysis of Voltage-Feedback Op Amps

Including Compensation Techniques

Ron Mancini

ABSTRACT

This report presents an analysis of the stability of voltage-feedback operational amplifiers

(op amps) using circuit performance as the criteria to attain a successful design. It

discusses several compensation techniques for op amps with and without internal

compensation.

1 Introduction

Voltage-feedback amplifiers (VFA) have been with us for about 60 years, and they

have been a problem for circuit designers since the first day. You see, the

feedback that makes them versatile and accurate, also has a tendency to make

them unstable. The operational-amplifier (op amp) circuit configuration uses a

high-gain amplifier whose parameters are determined by external feedback

components. The amplifier gain is so high, that without these external feedback

components, the slightest input signal would saturate the amplifier output. The

op amp is in common usage, so this configuration is examined in detail, but the

results are applicable to many other voltage feedback circuits. Current feedback

amplifiers (CFA) are similar to VFAs, but the differences are important enough to

warrant CFAs being handled in a separate application note.

Stability, as used in electronic circuit terminology, is often defined as achieving

a nonoscillatory state. This is a poor, inaccurate definition of the word. Stability

is a relative term, and this situation makes people uneasy because relative

judgments are exhaustive. It is easy to draw the line between a circuit that

oscillates and one that does not oscillate, so we can understand why some

people believe that oscillation is a natural boundary between stability and

instability.

Feedback circuits exhibit poor phase response, overshoot, and ringing long

before oscillation occurs, and these effects are considered undesirable by circuit

designers. This application note is not concerned with oscillators; thus, relative

stability is defined in terms of performance. By definition, when designers decide

what tradeoffs are acceptable they determine what the relative stability of the

circuit is. A relative-stability measurement is the damping ratio (ζ) and the

damping ratio is discussed in detail in Reference 1. The damping ratio is related

to phase margin, hence, phase margin is another measure of relative stability.

The most stable circuits have the longest response times, lowest bandwidth,

highest accuracy, and least overshoot. The least stable circuits have the fastest

response times, highest bandwidth, lowest accuracy, and some overshoot.

TL081CP Related Products

	TL081CP
Description	IC,OP-AMP,SINGLE,BIPOLAR/JFET,DIP,8PIN,PLASTIC
Is it Rohs certified?	incompatible
Maker	FREESCALE (NXP)
package instruction	DIP, DIP8,.3
Reach Compliance Code	unknown
Amplifier type	OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
Architecture	VOLTAGE-FEEDBACK
frequency compensation	YES
Maximum input offset voltage	20000 µV
JESD-30 code	R-PDIP-T8
JESD-609 code	e0
low-bias	YES
low-dissonance	NO
Nominal Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup)	-15 V
Number of functions	1
Number of terminals	8
Maximum operating temperature	70 °C
Package body material	PLASTIC/EPOXY
encapsulated code	DIP
Encapsulate equivalent code	DIP8,.3
Package shape	RECTANGULAR
Package form	IN-LINE
power supply	+-15 V
Certification status	Not Qualified
Nominal supply voltage (Vsup)	15 V
surface mount	NO
Temperature level	COMMERCIAL
Terminal surface	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)
Terminal form	THROUGH-HOLE
Terminal pitch	2.54 mm
Terminal location	DUAL

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