Mobile network optimization and antenna and feeder line maintenance

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Mobile network optimization and antenna and feeder line maintenance [Copy link]

Antenna and feeder line maintenance is an important part of mobile communication network optimization. It has high technical requirements and is crucial to the smooth operation of mobile networks. To optimize mobile communication networks, antenna and feeder line maintenance must be carried out throughout the maintenance of mobile communication. The following focuses on the frequent faults in the arrangement and maintenance of antenna and feeder lines, and discusses the maintenance and maintenance of antenna and feeder lines. 1. The importance of antenna and feeder line maintenance As a service industry, mobile communications can only win user satisfaction by improving communication quality. The purpose of mobile network optimization is to improve network quality. The normal operation of antenna and feeder line systems can not only expand coverage, reduce blind spots, and improve coverage, but also reduce interference, crosstalk, etc., reduce call drop rates, and provide users with quality services. The installation of base stations should not only select the site reasonably, but also reasonably control the height of the base station antenna, reduce the interference within the system, and ensure the service quality of the network. For base stations with severe congestion and high call drop rates, traffic can be balanced by appropriately adjusting the cell boundary, switching band and mobile phone access conditions and other related parameters, adjusting the antenna direction angle and pitch angle and other hardware means to reduce the interference between stations. 2. Common Faults of Antenna Feeder Lines ⒈ Antenna Feeder Line Installation Problems During the installation of the antenna feeder line, due to the negligence of the installer, the antenna feeder line is short-circuited, the feeder line joints are covered with dust and dirt, and the antenna feeder line joints are aged and broken. These antenna feeder line faults are often difficult to find, especially the activity obstacles caused by the broken seals are more difficult to find. Although some antenna feeder lines meet the test requirements after installation, the tail line of the feeder line is not tied firmly, and the seal is broken after being exposed to wind and rain for a long time, causing the base station to malfunction. ⒉ Water ingress into antenna feeder lines The problem of water ingress into antenna feeder lines is caused by both human factors and natural factors. The natural factor is that the feeder line itself is flooded. Because the feeder line is immersed in water for a long time, the outer skin of the feeder line ages and rainwater penetrates into the feeder line. After the antenna feeder line is installed, the standing wave ratio test is not carried out as required, resulting in no standing wave ratio alarm on sunny days, and the antenna feeder system has a standing wave ratio alarm on cloudy days or rainy days, causing the base station to be disabled. There are more cases of water entering the antenna feeder line due to human factors, mainly including the failure to seal the grounding point of the feeder line, scratching the feeder line during installation, and failure to seal the feeder line and the soft jumper joint. Water entering the feeder line causes the antenna feeder system to have a standing wave ratio alarm, and the base station often exits the service, affecting the coverage of the area. User complaints are quite serious, which not only affects the mobile business revenue, but also affects the reputation of the mobile department. To prevent problems before they happen, first of all, the installers must strictly demand themselves and have a high sense of responsibility; secondly, the standing wave ratio test must be carried out after the base station is installed, and problems must be dealt with in a timely manner; finally, the quality inspection personnel shall conduct acceptance according to certain procedures, including the verification of test data, and the installation and production process of the antenna feeder line shall be strictly checked, and unqualified projects must not be allowed to pass. 3. Maintenance of antenna feeder lines As we all know, the frequency of 900 MHz antenna is 875-960MHz, and the transmission power is 20W. Such high-frequency electromagnetic waves and low transmission power are transmitted through antenna feeder lines. If the loss is too large, the receiving sensitivity will be reduced. Sometimes users report that when the base station is just opened, the mobile phone receiving sensitivity is very high, but the sensitivity decreases in less than two years, especially at the edge of the coverage area. What is the reason? After analysis and actual measurement, the maintenance of the antenna feeder system is the key. If no maintenance is performed, the sensitivity will decrease by about 15% per year on average. So, how to maintain the antenna feeder line? ⒈ Pay attention to the dust removal of antenna components. The antenna and feeder wires that are elevated outdoors are exposed to the sun, wind, and rain for a long time, and are covered with various dust and dirt. These dust and dirt have a large resistance on sunny days, but absorb moisture in rainy or humid weather, and connect with the antenna to form a conductive system. A capacitor loop is formed between the dust and the core wire, and between the core wires. A part of the high-frequency signal is short-circuited, which reduces the antenna receiving sensitivity and the transmitting antenna standing wave ratio alarm. In this case, the coverage of the base station is affected, and in severe cases, the base station is disabled. Therefore, the antenna feeder wire components should be dusted with a neutral detergent every year before the flood season. ⒉ Tighten the combined parts. The antenna is affected by external forces such as wind and human collision. The connection between the antenna assembly components and the feeder line often becomes loose, resulting in poor contact or even breakage, causing water and dust to enter the antenna feeder line, resulting in increased transmission loss and reduced sensitivity. Therefore, after the antenna is dusted, the loose parts of the antenna assembly should be cleaned with fine sandpaper to remove dirt and rust, and then fastened with waterproof tape. ⒊ Correct the fixed antenna position. The direction and position of the antenna must be kept accurate and stable. The antenna is affected by wind and external forces, and the direction and elevation angle of the antenna will change, which will cause interference between antennas and affect the coverage of the base station. Therefore, after the inspection and maintenance of the antenna feeder line, the antenna field strength, transmission power, receiving sensitivity and standing wave ratio test adjustment should be carried out. To sum up, in order to fundamentally solve the problems of antennas and feeders, we should start with the daily maintenance of the equipment, regularly inspect and test the antennas and feeders, and deal with problems in a timely manner. Maintenance personnel and installers should strengthen their own quality training, master the installation and maintenance methods of antennas and feeders, use a variety of maintenance methods, quickly and accurately diagnose and troubleshoot faults, improve maintenance efficiency, ensure the quality of mobile network operation, increase our competitiveness in the mobile communications market, and build our mobile communications network into a smooth and efficient network.