Application of ultrasonic sensors in autonomous driving environment perception

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Application of ultrasonic sensors in autonomous driving environment perception [Copy link]

With the rapid development of science and technology, ultrasonic waves will be used more and more widely in sensors. In the industrial revolutions of human civilization, sensor technology has always played an important role as a pioneer. It is a key technology that runs through various technologies and application fields. It is almost ubiquitous in all fields that people can imagine. For example, the development trend of sonar is basically: develop passive ranging sonar with higher positioning accuracy to meet the needs of underwater weapons to carry out fully concealed attacks; continue to develop submarine towed linear array sonars using low-frequency line spectrum detection to achieve ultra-long-range passive detection and identification; develop submarine sonars that are more suitable for shallow water work, especially to solve the problem of target identification in shallow water; vigorously reduce submarine self-noise and improve the working environment of submarine sonars.

Looking to the future, ultrasonic sensors, as a new type of very important and useful tool, will have great development space in all aspects. It will develop in the direction of higher positioning and higher precision to meet the growing social needs. The application of ultrasonic sensors in automobiles is irresistible. It is well known that autonomous driving and perception sensors are very critical. At present, autonomous driving vehicles mainly use three methods of sensor ultrasonic, millimeter wave, camera and laser for ranging and obstacle avoidance. These three methods can be integrated and used in autonomous driving according to different ranging scenarios. The following is a detailed description of the role of ultrasonic sensors in automotive applications. Ultrasonic waves are mainly used for parking ranging, auxiliary braking, etc., with a short range. However, in the process of reversing assistance, ultrasonic sensors are usually used in combination with controllers and displays to inform the driver of the surrounding obstacles with sound or more intuitive display, relieve the driver from the trouble caused by looking around when parking, reversing and starting the vehicle, and help the driver eliminate the defects of blind spots and blurred vision, and improve driving safety. In terms of the effect of use, ultrasonic radar has strong penetration, simple ranging method and low cost. However, since ultrasonic wave is a mechanical wave, its effect will be affected by the propagation medium, such as the weather conditions. In different weather conditions, the transmission speed of ultrasonic wave is different and the propagation speed is slow. In addition, when the car is driving at high speed, the use of ultrasonic ranging cannot keep up with the real-time change of the distance between the cars, and the error is large, which affects the measurement accuracy.

Regarding the car ranging, the "unmanned car ultrasonic sensor" developed by Chongqing Bo Chuang Shengyuan Technology Co., Ltd. has attracted the attention of many judges and companies because of its accurate ranging of up to 20 meters. This 20-meter ultrasonic ranging technology makes the inexpensive ultrasonic wave no longer only used in reversing radar, and will also greatly reduce the hardware cost of autonomous driving environment perception technology. Ultrasonic measurement range is the shortest, while millimeter wave and laser are responsible for long-distance measurement, such as millimeter wave measurement range of 200 meters and laser more than 100 meters. For example, the self-driving car released by Google uses laser technology for distance measurement and obstacle avoidance, which is extremely expensive. The cost of the laser sensor alone is 600,000 yuan, which is more expensive than a car. For the mass production of self-driving cars, the cost is difficult to be accepted by the market. The cost of millimeter waves is lower than that of lasers, only thousands of yuan, but the distance measurement is mainly for long distances, and the ability for close distances is relatively low. Compared with these two sensors, the cost of using ultrasonic sensors for distance measurement and obstacle avoidance is much lower. "Our automatic parking system now uses ultrasonic sensors, which are very low in cost. However, the traditional ultrasonic sensors can only measure distances of 1.5 to 2 meters, and the detection range is very limited. Most of them can only be used for reversing.

Currently, there are reports that the ultrasonic sensor can measure distances up to 5 meters. Indoor test data of ultrasonic ranging sensors show that under ideal conditions, the ranging can reach 20 meters, and it has high measurement accuracy, which will greatly improve the safety of car driving. At the same time, the low price is more conducive to the mass production of vehicles. Compared with the two-meter ranging currently used, the 20-meter ranging is already 10 times that of the two-meter ranging. Most importantly, it has high accuracy within such a large measurement range. The material they use is a new type of piezoelectric ceramic material, and the signal processing technology uses multi-scenario signal processing and analysis technology under complex medium environment conditions, with an accuracy of centimeters. Ultrasonic ranging network editor recommends MaxBotix high-performance sonar rangefinder Ultrasonic sensor - MB7040

As the industrial outdoor I2CXL-MAXSONAR-WR sensors have a rugged PVC housing for water intrusion that meets IP67. So these sensors offer short to long distance detection and narrow range beam patterns. The I2CXL-MAXSONAR-WR outdoor ultrasonic sensors feature high power output, noise suppression, auto-calibration, and factory-calibrated beam patterns. In addition to the standard I2CXL-MAXSONAR-WR, the F option has been developed for use in some hazardous chemical environments that require additional protection. Extremely corrosive gases or liquids can degrade or impair the operation of the sensing device. Therefore, we offer a chemically inert seal that enables our sensors to operate in all chemical environments. In addition to chemical resistance, the sensor also has improved performance in humid or dusty environments. This content was originally created by EEWORLD forum user sensor123. If you need to reprint or use it for commercial purposes, you must obtain the author's consent and indicate the source

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The indoor distance measurement can reach 20 meters, and it has a high measurement accuracy, which is very impressive.

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