The difference between PIC microcontroller and MCS-51 series microcontroller[Copy link]
It can be said that there are three main characteristics: (1) Bus structure: The bus structure of the MCS-51 microcontroller is the von Neumann type. The computer fetches instructions and data in the same storage space, and the two cannot be performed at the same time; while the bus structure of the PIC microcontroller is the Harvard structure. The instruction and data spaces are completely separated, one for instructions and the other for data. Since the program and data can be accessed at the same time, the data throughput is improved. Because the Harvard dual bus structure is used in the PIC microcontroller, one point that is different from the common microcontroller is that the program and data buses can use different widths. The data bus is 8 bits, but the instruction bus has 12, 14, and 16 bits respectively. (2) Pipeline structure: The instruction fetch and execution of the MCS-51 microcontroller adopts a single instruction pipeline structure, that is, fetch an instruction, execute it, and then fetch the next instruction; while the instruction fetch and execution of the PIC adopts a dual instruction pipeline structure. When an instruction is executed, the next instruction is allowed to be fetched at the same time, thus realizing a single-cycle instruction. (3) Register group: All registers of PIC microcontrollers , including I/O ports, timers and program counters, are in RAM structure and can be accessed and operated in just one instruction cycle; while MCS-51 microcontrollers require two or more cycles to change the contents of registers. For more detailed differences, please refer to relevant books.
To complete the access and operation; while the MCS-51 microcontroller requires two or more cycles to change the contents of the register. For more detailed differences, please refer to the relevant books
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