[Mil NXP i.MX93 development board review] Peripheral development, BSP customization and system transplantation operations

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[Mil NXP i.MX93 development board review] Peripheral development, BSP customization and system transplantation operations [Copy link]

# [Mil NXP i.MX93 Development Board Review] Peripheral Development, BSP Customization and System Migration Operation According to the corresponding development process of each peripheral on the MYD-LMX9X development board, you can customize the BSP according to the actual project requirements and transplant the system to the hardware platform designed based on the MYC-LMX9X core board. 
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 For details of the hardware platform resources, see [MYD-LMX9X Device Tree](https://www.myir.cn/shows/142/73.html). ## DDR is compatible with i.MX8 and previous series. The DDR script generation tool is an excel tool: Register Programming Aid (RPA), and DDR stress test is another DDR stress test tool. Starting from the i.MX9 series, DDR script generation and stress test are merged into one tool: Config tool. At the same time, the Config tool also provides IOMUX function. Config tool [Download address](https://www.nxp.com/design/development-boards/i-mx-evaluation-and-development-boards/config-tools-for-i-mx-applications-processors:CONFIG-TOOLS-IMX) Download and install in Windows environment. ### LPDDR4X parameter configuration

Parameter description: ①: Indicates whether to select basic parameter configuration or advanced parameter configuration; ②: LPDDR4X and LPDDR4 selection; ③: Operating frequency selection, select according to the datasheet; ④: Rank selection, 16-bit DDR, basically rank is 1 ⑤: DDR size selection, select according to the DDR size of the board. ### LPDDR4X test In the previous DDR stress test tool, only two functions were provided: DDR calibration and stress test. In the new Config tool, more test items are provided to facilitate customers to debug DDR, a total of four items. Take DDR stress test as an example to explain the DDR test process. #### Select DDR test item Select the "DDR test" interface, as shown in mark ①, and then select DDR stress test#### DDR stress test Click the "Start" button on the DDR stress test interface to start the DDR stress test, as shown in the figure below. ### DDR initialization code generation On the right side of the interface, there is a code generation window. If it does not appear, click Views - Registers, and the code in ddr_timg.c on the right is the code for uboot. If the register configuration on the left changes, the code on the right will be automatically generated and changed. After the export is successful, it will be automatically named lpddr4x_timing.c and copied to the board/myir/myd_lmx93x directory to complete the ddr adaptation. ## Porting Bootloader Separately On the i.MX93 platform, the bootloader is created by the imx-mkimage tool (imx-boot), which requires multiple firmware generation, including SPL, uboot, atf, optee, and DDR phy firmware. #### Prepare bootloader source code#### U-boot transplantation Load SDK environment variables to current shell ```powershell PC:~/myd-lmx9x-bootloader/myir-imx-uboot$ source /opt/myd-lmx9x-sdk/toolc hain/environment-setup-armv8a-poky-linux ``` ##### Compile configuration Depending on the size of DDR, the compilation configuration file of uboot is also different. Users can select the corresponding configuration file according to different needs. Compile##### Compile uboot After the compilation is completed, the bl31.bin binary file will be generated in the build/imx93/release/ folder. ```powershell PC:~/myd-lmx9x-bootloader/myir-imx-uboot $ make -j10 ``` - #### After the target image is compiled, the files u-boot-nodtb.bin, spl/u-boot-spl.bin, arch/arm/dts/myd-lmx93x-11x11.dtb are generated in the uboot source directory #### Generate target boot imx-boot Load SDK environment variables to the current shell ```powershell PC:~/myd-lmx9x-bootloader/myir-imx-uboot$ source /opt/myd-lmx9x-sdk/toolc hain/environment-setup-armv8a-poky-linux ``` - #### Copy related image files imx-boot is generated by multiple firmwares, copy the related modified images to the target directory- #### Compile and generate directory images```powershell PC:~/myd-lmx9x-bootloader/imx-boot $ make SOC=iMX9 REV=A1 dtbs=myd_lm x9x-11x11.dtb flash_singleboot ``` The generated directory file is in the myd-lmx9x-bootloader/imx-boot/iMX9 directory flash.bin. ## Porting kernel and driver### Linux kernel platform adaptation#### Enter the source code directory to load SDK environment variables to the current shell ```powershell PC:~/myd-lmx9x-bsp/myir-imx-linux$ source /opt/myd-lmx9x-sdk/toolchain/envi ronment-setup-armv8a-poky-linux ``` #### Create device tree#### Modify the device tree Makefile file```powershell dtb-$(CONFIG_ARCH_MXC) += myir-imx93-11x11.dtb \ myir-imx93-11x11-root.dtb \ myir-imx93-11x11-lvds-10-1.dtb \ myir-imx93-11x11-lvds.dtb myir-imx93-11x11-RGB.dtb \ myir-imx93-11x11-test.dtb ``` #### Compile kernel source code#### View the generated device tree file```powershell PC:~/myd-lmx9x-bsp/myir-imx-linux $ ls arch/arm64/boot/dts/myir-imx93-11x11 -test.dt* arch/arm64/boot/dts/myir/myir-imx93-11x11-test.dtb arch/arm64/boot/dts/myir/myir-imx93-11x11-test.dts ``` ### RGB driver transplantation MYD-LMX9X has a native parallel display, the interface is J23, #### RGB controller configuration - Device tree configuration select RGB When displaying, the lcdif controller port needs to be linked to the DPI display interface. So you need to enable lcdif, ldb and ldb_phy. Modify arch/arm64/boot/dts/myir/myir-imx93-11x11-lvds.dts to enable lvds display - Enable driver Parallel driver gpu/drm/imx/imx93-parallel-disp-fmt.c - Add pin configuration ```powershell pinctrl_lcdif: lcdifgrp { fsl,pins = <
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO00__MEDIAMIX_DISP_CLK 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO01__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DE 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO02__MEDIAMIX_DISP_VSYNC 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO03__MEDIAMIX_DISP_HSYNC 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO04__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA00 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO05__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA01 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO06__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA02 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO07__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA03 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO08__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA04 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO09__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA05 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO10__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA06 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO11__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA07 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO12__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA08 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO13__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA09 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO14__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA10 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO15__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA11 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO16__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA12 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO17__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA13 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO18__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA14 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO19__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA15 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO20__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA16 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO21__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA17 0x31e
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO22__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA18 0x0000051E
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO23__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA19 0x0000051E
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO24__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA20 0x0000051E
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO25__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA21 0x0000051E
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO26__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA22 0x0000051E
MX93_PAD_GPIO_IO27__MEDIAMIX_DISP_DATA23 0x0000051E
>;
};
```

### HDMI 驱动移植

MYD-LMX9X 开发板外接一个lt9611 芯片，一路hdmi 信号，hdmi 可接显示器输出，查看原理图与《MYD-LMX9X-PinList-V1.0.pdf》得出lt9611 芯片数据管脚与i.MX93的对应关系。

#### 添加lt9611 设备树节点

根据原理图的定义添加lt9611 设备树配置，里面包含lvds 和hdmi 相关参数配置，修改myir-imx93-11x11.dts 文件

#### 添加DSI 设备端点

LCD 接口（LCDIF）是一个系统主控器，它从存储在内存中的图形中提取数据，并将其显示在TFT 液晶面板上。通过显示端口选择DSI 显示控制器

#### 添加引脚配置

```powershell
pinctrl_lt9611: pinctrl9611 {
fsl,pins = <
MX93_PAD_SD3_DATA1__GPIO3_IO23 0x0000057E
>;
};
```

#### 配置内核

Lt9611 驱动位于drivers/gpu/drm/bridge/lontium-lt9211.c，只需要把这个驱动打开，编译进内核即可。

### 其他驱动的移植

包括RTC驱动、WiFi驱动、USB OTG驱动、CAN驱动、按键驱动、网卡驱动、音频驱动、摄像头驱动、SD卡驱动、单路LVDS驱动等，详见参考材料。

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## 参考资料

Linux kernel 开源社区
https://www.kernel.org/
NXP 社区论坛
https://community.nxp.com/
Yocto 开发指导
https://www.yoctoproject.org/
Yocto 项目BSP 开发指南
https://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/3.1.1/bsp-guide/bsp-guide.html
Yocto 项目Linux 内核开发手册
https://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/3.1.1/kernel-dev/kernel-dev.html
QT 跨平台软件设计与开发
https://www.qt.io/thisthiscom/ Yocto Development Guide https://www.yoctoproject.org/ Yocto Project BSP Development Guide https://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/3.1.1/bsp-guide/bsp-guide.html Yocto Project Linux Kernel Development Manual https://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/3.1.1/kernel-dev/kernel-dev.html QT Cross-Platform Software Design and Development https://www.qt.io/com/ Yocto Development Guide https://www.yoctoproject.org/ Yocto Project BSP Development Guide https://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/3.1.1/bsp-guide/bsp-guide.html Yocto Project Linux Kernel Development Manual https://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/3.1.1/kernel-dev/kernel-dev.html QT Cross-Platform Software Design and Development https://www.qt.io/