A young man uses stones to extract silicon to make chips, claiming to "solve" the chip crisis in 99 seconds[Copy link]
The world is in a "chip shortage crisis".When a Canadian guy heard about this, he immediately became anxious and determined to solve this problem.He thought about it and realized that the main raw material of chips is silicon , which is generally extracted from quartz .So, filled with inspiration, he used his DIY spirit, picked up his tools and started working.The first step is to start by picking up stones.
Finally, the guy condensed the entire production process into a 99-second video tutorial and shared it online for free.The steps are quite complete, but it lacks some details (dog head).
The purest quartz in the world is produced in a quarry in North Carolina, USA, but its purity is only 98%.If you want to make chips, you have to purify it. This is what it looks like if the purity reaches 99.9%.
It needs to be purified to at least 99.9999999% before it can be prepared into polysilicon .Next, he placed the polysilicon ingot in the pot and found a way to heat it to 1698 Kelvin (1424.85 degrees Celsius).Then put a small piece of single crystal silicon in as a primer. The molten silicon will rearrange its molecular structure at the interface with the single crystal silicon and solidify into single crystal silicon as it cools.This method was invented by Polish scientist Czochralski and has a vivid name called the Czochralski method .Why is it called the Czochralski method? Because after cooling, the single crystal can be pulled out like this:The next step the guy takes is to cut the silicon crystal into thin slices, which are what we often hear as wafers .
However, the conductive properties of the wafer are not good enough at this time, and it needs to be doped with some boron or phosphorus , such as the phosphorus on the match head.
The required circuit pattern is then made into a quartz mask with a layer of chromium. The function of the mask is equivalent to the negative film when developing photos.Next, he used a laser to project the circuit pattern on the mask onto the wafer, allowing the position of the shadow produced by the mask to control the location where the photoresist underwent chemical changes on the wafer surface.The following steps are just like developing photos. Pour the developer, use acid (the guy used white vinegar) to corrode the exposed part of the wafer and wash away the remaining photoresist.Add to that billions of process details, including homoepitaxiality, heteroepitaxiality, pseudo-epitaxiality, diffusion doping, copper interconnect layers, chemical mechanical polishing, photoresist coating, acid etching and photomask exposure.Repeat the above steps N times until...The wafer that has been photolithographically processed is then cut to obtain an unpackaged die .Finally, the young man demonstrated how to complete welding and packaging in one go.
After watching the video, the Canadian guy had a few words to say.First of all, one thing needs to be stated. It is not recommended for anyone to actually try these methods . The "photoresist" and other things that appear in the video are just props. Real chemical raw materials are very dangerous and must be operated in a ventilated and safe environment.In addition, the actual process of producing modern CPUs is much more complicated than described in the video, and the patents are in the hands of large companies.Some netizens joked that "this video infringed a lot of patents, I called the police."The guy also joked, "I'm using open source stones, so it should be fine."
Finally, although one person cannot really create a nano-scale chip at home, the guy shared the channel of another DIY expert Sam Zeloof.Sam actually made a chip with a micron-level process.
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