36
Sensors
Silicon Diodes
DT-470-SD Features
Monotonic temperature
response from 1.4 K to
500 K*
Conformance to standard
Curve 10 temperature
response curve
Useful above 60 K in
magnetic fields up to 5 T
The rugged, reliable
Lake Shore SD package
designed to withstand
repeated thermal cycling
and minimize sensor
self-heating
Variety of packaging options
DT-471-SD Features
Lower priced version of
DT-470 with a temperature
range of 10 K to 500 K*
DT-414 Features
Temperature range:
1.4 K to 375 K
(calibration up to 325 K)
Small mass for rapid
thermal response
Non-magnetic package
DT-421 Features
Temperature range:
1.4 K to 325 K**
Non-magnetic package
Exposed flat substrate
for surface mounting
* Calibrated to 500 K,
uncalibrated (Curve 10) to 475 K
** Calibrated down to 1.4 K,
uncalibrated (Curve 10) to 20 K
DT-400 Series Silicon Diodes
DT-470/471 Hermetically
Sealed Silicon Diode
The DT-470/471 Silicon Diode temperature
sensors incorporate remarkably uniform
sensing elements that exhibit precise,
repeatable, monotonic temperature
response over a wide range. The elements
are mounted into rugged, hermetically-
sealed packages that have been
specifically designed for proper thermal
behavior in a cryogenic environment.
The result is a family of sensors with
temperature characteristics so predictable,
tightly grouped, and stable that the
sensors in most applications are routinely
interchangeable with one another.
DT-470/471-SD
The Lake Shore SD Package –
The Most Rugged, Versatile
Package in the Industry
The SD package, with direct sensor-to-
sapphire base mounting, hermetic seal, and
brazed Kovar leads, provides the industry's
most rugged, versatile sensors with the best
sample to chip connection. Designed so
heat coming down the leads bypasses the
chip, it can survive several thousand hours
at 500 K (depending on model) and is
compatible with most ultra high vacuum
applications. It can be indium soldered to
samples. If desired, the SD package is also
available without Kovar leads.
BO, CO, CU, CY, DI, ET, LR, MT
DT-414 Unencapsulated Silicon Diodes
The Model DT-414 uses the DT-400 bare
chip Silicon Diode mounted on a flat
substrate. This chip-level sensor offers
minimal thermal mass and minimal
physical size. Die attachment is with silver
epoxy, and the chip is
unencapsulated,
DT-414
leaving the fragile
gold wires exposed.
DT-421 Miniature Silicon Diode
The DT-421 miniature Silicon Diode
temperature sensor is configured for
installation on flat surfaces. The DT-421
sensor package exhibits precise,
monotonic temperature response over
its useful range. The sensor chip is in
direct contact with the epoxy dome,
which causes increased voltage at
4.2 K and prevents full range
Curve 10 conformity. For use
below 20 K, calibration
is required.
DT-421
Typical DT-400 Diode Sensitivity Values
Typical DT-400 Diode Voltage Values
www.lakeshore.com
Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc.
(614) 891-2244
fax: (614) 818-1600
e-mail: info@lakeshore.com
Specifications
Standard curve
Curve 10 (see next page)
Recommended excitation
10 µA ±0.1%
Max reverse voltage
40 V
Max current before damage
1 mA continuous
or 100 mA pulsed
Dissipation at recommended excitation
17 µW at 4.2 K; 10 µW at 77 K; 5 µW at 305 K
Thermal response time
SD: typical <10 ms at 4.2 K;
100 ms at 77 K; 200 ms at 305 K
Use in radiation
Recommended for use only in low level
radiation – see Appendix B
Use in magnetic field
Not recommended for use in
magnetic field applications below 60 K. Low magnetic
field dependence when used in fields up to 5 tesla
above 60 K – see Appendix B
Reproducibility
1
±10 mK at 4.2 K
1
Short-term reproducibility data is obtained by
subjecting sensor to repeated thermal shocks
from 305 K to 4.2 K
SoftCal™ Accuracy
2 K to
30 K
2S
—
30 K to
60 K
60 K to
345 K
345 K to 375 K to
375 K
475 K
±1.0 K
±1.0 K
Typical Magnetic Field-Dependent
Temperature Errors
4
∆
T/T (%) at B
(magnetic induction)
Package Base Parallel to Field B
T(K)
1T
2T
3T
4T
5T
4.2 -200
-300
-350
-400
-500
20
-10
-20
-25
-30
-40
40
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
60
-0.5
-1
-2
-3
-3.5
80
< 0.1
-0.5
-0.8
-1.1
-1.5
300 <-0.1 <-0.1 <-0.1 <-0.1 <-0.1
±0.25 K ±0.15 K ±0.25 K
±0.25 K ±0.15 K ±0.25 K
3S ±0.5 K
2S: 77 K and 305 K (DT-470-SD, DT-471-SD, and DT-421)
3S: 4.2 K, 77 K, and 305 K (DT-470-SD only)
Standard Curve 10 Tolerance Bands for
DT-400 Series Silicon Diodes
Type 470
Band 11
Band 11A
Band 12
Band 12A
Band 13
Type
DT-471
2 K to 100 K
100 K to 305 K 305 K to 475 K
Package Base Perpendicular to Field B
T(K)
4.2
20
40
60
80
300
4
±0.25 K
±0.25 K
±0.5 K
±0.5 K
±1.0 K
1.4 K to 10 K
Not
recommended
±0.5 K
±1% of temp
±1.0 K
±1% of temp
±1% of temp
±1.0 K
±1% of temp
±2.0 K
±1% of temp
±1% of temp
Range of Use
Minimum Limit Maximum Limit
DT-470-SD
DT-471-SD
DT-414
DT-421
1.4 K
10 K
1.4 K
1.4 K
500 K
500 K
375 K
325 K
10 K to 375 K 375 K to 475 K
±1.5 K or ±1.5% of temp,
whichever is greater
Not
recommended
1T
-8
-4
-1.5
-0.5
-0.1
<0.1
2T
-9
-5
-3
-0.7
-0.3
0.2
3T
-11
-5
-4
-0.8
-0.5
0.5
4T
-15
-5
-5
-1
-0.6
0.6
5T
-20
-10
-5.5
-1.1
-0.7
0.6
DT-414
±1.5 K or ±1.5% of temp,
whichever is greater
20 K to 325 K
To minimize magnetic field-induced temperature
errors, the sensor should be oriented so that the
package base is perpendicular to the magnetic field
flux lines – this results in the diode current being
parallel to the magnetic field
DT-470/471-SD
Type
DT-421
±2.5 K or ±1.5% of temp, whichever is greater
Calibrated Accuracy
Typical sensor
accuracy
2
1.4 K
4.2 K
10 K
77 K
300 K
500 K
2
Long-term
stability
3
—
10 mK
—
40 mK
25 mK
—
Temperature Response Data Table (typical)
DT-470/471*/414
V (volts) dV/dT (mV/K)
DT-421
V (volts)
dV/dT (mV/K)
±12 mK
±12 mK
±12 mK
±22 mK
±32 mK
±50 mK
1.4
4.2
10
77
305
1.698
1.626
1.42
1.0203
0.507
-13.1
-33.6
-28.7
-1.75
-2.4
—
1.789
—
1.02
0.507
—
-36
—
2
-2.4
DT-414
[(Calibration uncertainty)
2
+ (reproducibility)
2
]
0.5
for more information see Appendices B, D, and E
3
Long-term stability data is obtained by subjecting
sensor to 200 thermal shocks from 305 K to 77 K
See Appendix G for expanded response table
* DT-471 useful range: > 10 K
Physical Specifications
Mass
DT-470/
471-SD
37 mg
Lead type
2 – gold and
nickel plated
Kovar
Lead polarity
Positive lead on
right with package
lid up and leads
towards user
Positive lead on left
with chip up and
leads towards user
Positive lead is right-
hand ribbon with
platinum disk down
and leads towards user
Sensor materials used
Sapphire base with alumina body & lid.
Molybdenum/manganese metallization
on base and lid top with nickel and gold
plating. Gold tin solder as hermetic seal.
Silicon chip with aluminum metallization.
Alumina base, with metallization:
0.1 µm of molybdenum, 0.2 µm gold
Sensing element is mounted to a
platinum disk and covered with a
dome of Stycast
®
2850 epoxy
DT-421
DT-414
3 mg
2 – gold
DT-421
23 mg
2 – platinum
ribbon with
tinned 60/40
SnPb solder
www.lakeshore.com
Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc.
(614) 891-2244
fax: (614) 818-1600
e-mail: info@lakeshore.com
38
Sensors
Silicon Diodes
Standard Curve 10 Tolerance Bands
for DT-470/471 Silicon Diodes
DT-400 Series Curve 10 Temperature Response Curve
DT-400 Series Expanded Temperature Response Data Table
All DT-470, DT-471*, DT-414*, and DT-421* Silicon Diodes follow the same Curve 10 standard temperature response curve,
which means they can be interchanged with one another routinely in any application utilizing this response curve.
T
(K)
1.40
1.60
1.80
2.00
2.20
2.40
2.60
2.80
3.00
3.20
3.40
3.60
3.80
4.00
4.20
4.40
4.60
4.80
5.00
5.50
6.00
6.50
7.00
7.50
8.00
8.50
9.00
9.50
10.0
10.5
11.0
Voltage
(V)
1.69812
1.69521
1.69177
1.68786
1.68352
1.67880
1.67376
1.66845
1.66292
1.65721
1.65134
1.64529
1.63905
1.63263
1.62602
1.61920
1.61220
1.60506
1.59782
1.57928
1.56027
1.54097
1.52166
1.50272
1.48443
1.46700
1.45048
1.43488
1.42013
1.40615
1.39287
dV/dT
(mV/K)
-13.1
-15.9
-18.4
-20.7
-22.7
-24.4
-25.9
-27.1
-28.1
-29.0
-29.8
-30.7
-31.6
-32.7
-33.6
-34.6
-35.4
-36.0
-36.5
-37.6
-38.4
-38.7
-38.4
-37.3
-35.8
-34.0
-32.1
-30.3
-28.7
-27.2
-25.9
T
(K)
11.5
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
16.5
17.0
17.5
18.0
18.5
19.0
19.5
20.0
21.0
22.0
23.0
24.0
25.0
26.0
27.0
28.0
29.0
30.0
32.0
34.0
36.0
Voltage
(V)
1.38021
1.36809
1.35647
1.34530
1.33453
1.32412
1.31403
1.30422
1.29464
1.28527
1.27607
1.26702
1.25810
1.24928
1.24053
1.23184
1.22314
1.21440
1.19645
1.17705
1.15558
1.13598
1.12463
1.11896
1.11517
1.11212
1.10945
1.10702
1.10263
1.09864
1.09490
dV/dT
(mV/K)
-24.8
-23.7
-22.8
-21.9
-21.2
-20.5
-19.9
-19.4
-18.9
-18.6
-18.2
-18.0
-17.7
-17.6
-17.4
-17.4
-17.4
-17.6
-18.5
-20.6
-21.7
-15.9
-7.72
-4.34
-3.34
-2.82
-2.53
-2.34
-2.08
-1.92
-1.83
T
(K)
38.0
40.0
42.0
44.0
46.0
48.0
50.0
52.0
54.0
56.0
58.0
60.0
65.0
70.0
75.0
77.35
80.0
85.0
90.0
95.0
100.0
110.0
120.0
130.0
140.0
150.0
160.0
170.0
180.0
190.0
200.0
Voltage
(V)
1.09131
1.08781
1.08436
1.08093
1.07748
1.07402
1.07053
1.06700
1.06346
1.05988
1.05629
1.05267
1.04353
1.03425
1.02482
1.02032
1.01525
1.00552
0.99565
0.98564
0.97550
0.95487
0.93383
0.91243
0.89072
0.86873
0.84650
0.82404
0.80138
0.77855
0.75554
dV/dT
(mV/K)
-1.77
-1.74
-1.72
-1.72
-1.73
-1.74
-1.75
-1.77
-1.78
-1.79
-1.80
-1.81
-1.84
-1.87
-1.91
-1.92
-1.93
-1.96
-1.99
-2.02
-2.04
-2.08
-2.12
-2.16
-2.19
-2.21
-2.24
-2.26
-2.28
-2.29
-2.31
T
(K)
210.0
220.0
230.0
240.0
250.0
260.0
270.0
273.15
280.0
290.0
300.0
305.0
310.0
320.0
330.0
340.0
350.0
360.0
370.0
380.0
390.0
400.0
410.0
420.0
430.0
440.0
450.0
460.0
470.0
475.0
Voltage
(V)
0.73238
0.70908
0.68564
0.66208
0.63841
0.61465
0.59080
0.58327
0.56690
0.54294
0.51892
0.50688
0.49484
0.47069
0.44647
0.42221
0.39783
0.37337
0.34881
0.32416
0.29941
0.27456
0.24963
0.22463
0.19961
0.17464
0.14985
0.12547
0.10191
0.09062
dV/dT
(mV/K)
-2.32
-2.34
-2.35
-2.36
-2.37
-2.38
-2.39
-2.39
-2.39
-2.40
-2.40
-2.41
-2.41
-2.42
-2.42
-2.43
-2.44
-2.45
-2.46
-2.47
-2.48
-2.49
-2.50
-2.50
-2.50
-2.49
-2.46
-2.41
-2.30
-2.22
*Partial conformances
www.lakeshore.com
Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc.
(614) 891-2244
fax: (614) 818-1600
e-mail: info@lakeshore.com
Silicon Diodes
Sensors
39
For information on
mounting adapters
available for use with
the SD package, see page 25.
Ordering Information
Uncalibrated sensor
Step 1:
Choose diode series, for example DT-470.
Step 2:
Choose package or mounting adapter – if ordering
adapter, substitute the adapter suffix for the SD suffix, for
example DT-470-CU.
Step 3:
Choose tolerance band (if applicable),
for example DT-470-CU-11.
Calibrated sensor
Step 1:
Choose diode series, for example DT-470.
Step 2:
Choose package or mounting adapter – if ordering
adapter, substitute the adapter suffix for the SD suffix,
for example DT-470-CU-13.
Step 3:
Specify the calibration range suffix code after the model number
and package suffix, for example DT-470-CU-13-1.4L.
Note:
When ordering a DT-470, only Band 13 sensors are calibrated.
CO adapter – spring loaded
clamp for easy sensor
interchangeability
DT-400 Series
Calibration Range Suffix Codes
Numeric figure is the low end of the calibration
Letters represent the high end: S=SoftCal™, D=100 K, L=325 K, H=500 K
Uncal
2S
3S
1.4D
1.4L
1.4H
4D
4L
4H
10L
10H
70L
70H
To add length to sensor leads
(SMOD), see page 28.
Model number
DT-414-UN*
DT-414M-UN*
DT-421-HR
DT-470-SD-11
DT-470-SD-11A
DT-470-SD-12
DT-470-SD-12A
DT-470-SD-13
DT-471-SD
See the appendices for a
detailed description of:
Installation
Uncalibrated sensors
SoftCal™
Calibrated sensors
CalCurve™
Sensor packages
Mounting adapters are available for use with the SD package – replace SD suffix with mounting adapter suffix
CO
CU, LR, CY, ET,
MT, BO
DT-470-DI-13
* Lake Shore does not warrant mechanical damage to the DT-414
DT-414 handling: fragile assembly – must not be turned over on gold wire bond side –
handle by edges of substrate or by 50 µm diameter gold leads; unencapsulated device
must not be exposed to moisture or corrosive atmosphere
DT-414M-UN substrate is backside metallized
Note: upper temperature limit package dependent – see Sensor Packages section
Other packaging available by special order – please consult Lake Shore
Accessories available for sensors
SN-CO-C1
CO style sensor clamps for SD package
ECRIT
Expanded interpolation table
8000
Calibration report on CD-ROM
COC-SEN
Certificate of conformance
Accessories suggested for installation –
see Accessories section for full descriptions
Stycast
®
epoxy
Apiezon
®
grease
90% Pb, 10% Sn solder
Indium solder
VGE-7031 varnish
Phosphor bronze wire
Manganin wire
www.lakeshore.com
Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc.
(614) 891-2244
fax: (614) 818-1600
e-mail: info@lakeshore.com
Test/Measurement
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