ILTSOURCES
Red Rectangles
Indicate Links to
ILT Web Site
NIST Traceable Light Measurement
Systems and Sources
ISO 9001:2008
ILTSYSTEMS
International Light Technologies
Light
without Limits.
To find out how we can help you, contact us today.
Call
978-818-6180
or visit us on the Web
at
intl-lighttech.com.
Call for our ILT Systems Catalog for all your light
ILTSYSTEMS
measurement
NIST Traceable Light Measurement
needs.
Systems and Sources
ISO 9001:2000
10 Technology Drive, Peabody, MA 01960
978-818-6180 978-818-6181
fax
intl-lighttech.com
10 Technology Drive
Peabody, Massachusetts 01960
978-818-6180
978-818-6181
fax
intl-lighttech.com
ILTsources
International Light Technologies
Halogen Lamps
Bi Pin
Reflector
Coated Reflectors
Miniature and IR Lamps
Visible IR
Miniature
Neon Lamps
Precision Lamps
Focused Lens End
Precision Half Spherical
Medical Instrument
Unbased
Miniature
Prefocused
Lamp Assemblies
Lamp Assemblies
Reflectors
Illuminators
Lampholders
4 mm
Universal
5.3 mm
6.35 mm
Other
Miniatures
Mounting Clips
LEDs
Thru Hole
Phototransistor
SMT
Technical Data
Index
4-14
9-11
12-13
14
15-21
16-17
18-21
22-25
26-33
27-28
29
30
31
32
33
34-38
35-36
37
38
39-49
40
41
42
43-44
44-46
46-48
49
50-75
52-66
67
68-75
76-84
85-89
>
>
>
>
About International Light Technologies.
Since 1965, International Light Technologies (ILT) has been solving the inherent difficulties
with technical light sources and light measurement. Our Systems Division has been successful
in the design and manufacture of a wide range of light measuring instruments, including the
most accurate light meters on the market. Our Sources Division has been providing customers
with off-the-shelf and customized solutions across a full spectrum of light sources including
high powered LEDs and modules, UV-Visible-IR lamps, specialized replacement lamps and
power supplies.
>
Quality Products.
International Light Technologies manufactures light sources for a variety of industries. Precision
lamps are used primarily in medical manufacturing applications, miniature lamps are used in
gas detection systems and neons are used in areas where a secondary circuit would be required
to run an equivalent LED. All of our products are made in environments that adhere to ISO
management and manufacturing requirements. International Light Technologies is proud to be
an ISO 9001:2008 certified company. In addition, we can build our products to NIST traceable
standards, and other standards as required by the customer. All of our products in this catalog
are fully compliant with the requirements of RoHS.
>
Quality People.
International Light Technologies staff has a long and proud reputation for customer service, on-
time delivery, and technical expertise. Many members of our staff have been with the company
for years and this stability brings with it a tradition of ensuring the customer is the driving force
behind our company's success. At our facility in Peabody, MA, we offer unparalleled resources
in optical calibration, quality production capabilities, as well as the depth of experience needed
to bring the technology of light to contemporary products.
>
Quality Policy.
It is the policy of International Light Technologies to provide our valued customers with the
highest quality products and other services that satisfy or exceed their needs and expectations
while effectively utilizing every employee’s best efforts to achieve this goal. We will continu-
ously monitor and improve product values, calibration integrity, and service capability through
state-of-the-art process and a corporate wide commitment to quality.
>
3
h a Lo g e n L a m p s
Tungsten Filament and Halogen Lamps
International Light Technologies supplies a wide variety of incandescent vacu-
um, gas-filled and halogen lamps for a broad range of technical and commercial
applications. The general characteristics of each lamp type are discussed below
as an aid to selecting the most appropriate technology for any application.
ing on the application, the light output obstruction could be high enough to
end the useful life of the lamp. Eventually, the filament material will evaporate
enough to cause the filament to break, completely ending the life of the lamp.
Both of these effects are strongly dependent on the temperature of the fila-
ment, which is why long life vacuum lamps tend to be operated at the low end
of the temperature range and the light has a yellowish appearance.
The electrical resistance of the tungsten filament at room temperature is ini-
tially quite low. When electrical power is first applied to the lamp, a large in-
rush current causes rapid heating of the filament. The resistance of the filament
rises to a value five to ten times the cold resistance, which causes the amount
of current drawn by the lamp to stabilize and the lamp to emit a stable light
output. Depending on the size of the filament, the in-rush period can be from
tens of milliseconds to hundreds of milliseconds. This in-rush current require-
ment should be taken into account in the selection of the power source for a
specific lamp application.
Vacuum Lamps
The tungsten filament of a vacuum incandescent lamp is heated to tempera-
tures where visible light is emitted by resistance heating. The filament acts as
an electrical resistor, which dissipates power proportional to the voltage ap-
plied, times the current through the filament. When that power level is suf-
ficient to raise the temperature to above 1000 degrees Kelvin, visible light is
produced. As the power dissipated is increased, the amount of light increases
and the peak wavelength of the light shifts to the blue. Typical vacuum lamps
may have filament temperatures ranging from 1800 to 2700 degrees Kelvin.
The light from the low temperature lamps appears reddish yellow while the
high temperature lamps have a whiter appearance.
The tungsten filament evaporates more rapidly as the temperature of the fila-
ment goes up. The evaporated tungsten particles tend to deposit on the glass
envelope, causing over time, an increase in light output obstruction. Depend-
4
Gas-Filled Lamps
Gas filled lamps produce light from an incandescent filament operated in an
inert gas atmosphere. The addition of the inert gas suppresses the evaporation
International Light Technologies
978-818-6180
intl-lighttech.com
Halogen Lamps
4-14
9-11
12-13
14
>
h a Lo g e n L a m p s
of the tungsten filament, which increases the lifetime of the lamp or allows higher temperature
operation for the same life. The normal gases used are Nitrogen, Argon, Krypton and Xenon.
The cost rises dramatically as the rarer gases are used, particularly for Xenon, due to their very
low natural abundance. The advantage of the higher atomic weight gases is they suppress the
evaporation of the tungsten filament more effectively than the lower weight gases. This allows
the filament of gas filled lamps to be run at temperatures up to 3,200 degrees Kelvin and achieve
reasonable life times. The light from these lamps has a high blue content giving the light a pure
white appearance.
Gas-filled lamps require more power to achieve the same filament temperature than vacuum
lamps. The surrounding gas cools the filament while suppressing evaporation, and reducing the
migration of evaporated tungsten to the wall of the lamp. The higher operating temperature of
gas-filled lamps produces more light output per watt of input power, which justifies their use in
critical applications.
Bi Pin
Reflector
Coated Reflectors
Halogen Lamps
The halogen lamp is similar to an inert gas-filled lamp, except it contains a small quantity of an
active halogen gas such as Bromine. The inert gas suppresses the evaporation of the tungsten
filament, while the halogen gas acts to reduce the amount of tungsten that plates the interior
wall of the lamp. The halogen gas reacts with the tungsten that has evaporated, migrated out-
ward, and been deposited on the lamp wall. When the lamp wall temperature is sufficient, the
halogen reacts with the tungsten to form tungsten bromide, which is freed from the wall of the
lamp and migrates back to the filament. The tungsten bromide compound reacts at the filament
of the lamp where temperatures close to 2500˚C cause the tungsten and halogen to dissipate.
The tungsten deposits on the filament and is freed to repeat the cycle again. Unfortunately the
tungsten is not deposited in the same zone where the evaporation took place so the filament
still becomes thinner and eventually fails.
The filament of a halogen lamp has two purposes. One is to generate light, and the second is to
generate the heat necessary to obtain a wall temperature exceeding 250˚C. These lamps have
been designed to maintain this required wall temperature when operated at design voltage.
A reduction of voltage exceeding 10% from the design voltage will probably result in the wall
temperature falling below the required 250˚C. Tests reveal that in most cases this reduced oper-
ating condition is not detrimental to the operation of the lamp. By the time the wall tempera-
ture drops to a point where the halogen cycle ceases to function, the filament temperature has
diminished to a point where the tungsten evaporation is negligible. If wall blackening is noticed,
the operating voltage range at which this occurs should be avoided. Burning the lamp at design
voltage for a short period of time can usually clean up lamp blackening due to temporary opera-
tion in such a voltage range. However, on rare occasions halogen lamps derated more than 10%
could experience an adverse reaction of the corrosive halogen attacking the tungsten filament
causing premature lamp failure.
The light output of a halogen lamp is more stable than a non-halogen gas lamp due to the
cleaning action of the halogen gas on the lamp envelope. This feature coupled with the high
color temperature of the light and long-life make these lamps very desirable for many industrial
and scientific applications. The restriction on duty cycle due to the requirement to maintain the
envelope of the lamp at sufficient temperature to initiate the halogen cycle is a disadvantage.
However, in continuous duty applications it is relatively easy to provide correct ventilation to
ensure the proper operating temperature.
5
京公网安备 11010802033920号
EEWORLD
