2.7 GHz RF Vector Signal Generator
NI PXI-5671
• 250 kHz to 2.7 GHz
• 16-bit resolution, 100 MS/s arbitrary
waveform generation (400 MS/s
interpolated)
• 32, 256, or 512 MB memory
• 20 MHz real-time bandwidth
• High-stability time base
(10 MHz OCXO)
•
±20 ppb frequency stability
•
±50 ppb frequency accuracy
•-145 dBm to +10 dBm output power
NEW
Operating Systems
•Windows 2000/XP
Recommended Software
• LabVIEW
• LabWindows/CVI
Application Software (included)
• Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW
Driver Software (included)
• NI-RFSG
Overview
The National Instruments PXI-5671 is a 2.7 GHz RF vector signal
generator module with quadrature digital upconversion. Digital
upconversion provides a more efficient means of waveform
generation resulting in a tremendous reduction in download and
signal generation time. The NI PXI-5671 provides 16-bit resolution
arbitrary waveform generation at 100 MS/s (400 MS/s interpolated),
up to 512 MB of memory, and 20 MHz real-time bandwidth. The
PXI-5671 can generate custom and standard modulation formats
such as AM, FM, PM, ASK, FSK, MSK, GMSK, PSK, QPSK, PAM,
and QAM.
The Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW accompanies the PXI-5671,
providing functions and tools for signal generation, analysis,
visualization, and processing of custom and standard digital and
analog modulation formats.
The combined functionality of the PXI-5671 and the Modulation
Toolkit deliver a highly flexible and powerful solution for scientific
research, consumer electronics, communications, aerospace/defense,
and semiconductor test applications as well as for emerging areas
including software-defined radio, radio-frequency identification
(RFID), and wireless sensor networks.
Figure 1. Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW Displaying /4 DQPSK
π
specifications make it useful for a range of automation applications.
A sophisticated calibration scheme is implemented in the PXI-5671
to ensure power level accuracy over varying temperatures from
0 to 55 °C. This feature is important to many applications, especially
in manufacturing environments where the stable operation over
varying temperature ranges is critical.
Software
Hardware
The PXI-5671 provides vector signal generation from 250 kHz to
2.7 GHz over a wide range of signal levels from -145 dBm to +10 dBm
in a compact, 3 slot 3U module. It follows industry-standard plug and
play specifications for the PXI bus and can be seamlessly integrated
with compliant systems.
The PXI-5671 features an onboard ultrahigh-stability oven-
controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO), which provides frequency
stability of ±20 ppb and frequency accuracy of ±50 ppb. These
The PXI-5671 is shipped with the NI-RFSG instrument driver and the
Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW. NI-RFSG is a fully functional
instrument driver, compatible with a variety of application software
environments such as NI LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, and C.
NI-RFSG features easy-to-use functions for configuring the timing
and synchronization, CW tone, and arbitrary waveform generation
capabilities of the PXI-5671. Also included are a number of interactive,
instructional examples and interactive online help that can help jump-
start your application test development.
2.7 GHz RF Vector Signal Generator
The Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW provides functions for signal
generation, analysis, and visualization of custom and standard analog
and digital modulation. With the Modulation Toolkit, you can also
develop and analyze custom modulation formats and generate these
with the PXI-5671. Some of the standard measurement functions
include EVM (error vector magnitude), MER (modulation error
ratio), and
ρ
(rho). Functions are also available for injecting
impairments including IQ Gain Imbalance, Quadrature Skew, and
AWGN (additive white Gaussian noise). Visualization functions include
trellis, constellation, and 2D and 3D eye diagrams. This hardware and
software combination gives you access to customizable functionality
not available in traditional instrumentation.
NI Modulation Toolkit Functions
1
Modulation/Demodulation
• AM, FM, PM
• ASK, FSK, PSK
• MSK, GMSK
• PAM, QAM
• BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK,
DQPSK, /4DQPSK
Figure 3. RF test system – PXI-5671 and PXI-5660
Visualization and Analysis
• Trellis diagrams
• Constellation plot
• 2D and 3D eye diagrams
Superior Flexibility
Providing customers with a flexible platform is necessary to meet the
needs of today’s complex, rapidly evolving systems. The PXI-5671
consists of two components – the NI PXI-5610 2.7 GHz RF
upconverter and the NI PXI-5441 arbitrary waveform generator, a
high-spectral-purity baseband signal generator with onboard signal
processing. The PXI-5610 and the PXI-5441 work together to
provide vector signal generation from 250 kHz to 2.7 GHz. Because
of the flexible hardware and software, and with access to low-level
driver functionality, the PXI-5610 and the PXI-5441 can also be used
independently for RF upconversion and arbitrary waveform
sequencing. For advanced applications, combine additional modular
instruments in the same PXI chassis with the PXI-5671 and take
advantage of the tight synchronization between PXI modules. For
example, combine the PXI-5660 RF Vector Signal Analyzer with the
PXI-5671 to build an RF communications test system with complete
modulation and demodulation capabilities.
π
Modulation Impairments
• Multitone
• DC offset
• Fading profile
• Frequency offset
• Quadrature skew
• IQ gain imbalance
• Additive white Gaussian
noise (AWGN)
• Phase noise
•
ρ
(rho)
• DC offset
• Phase error
• Quadrature skew
• IQ gain imbalance
• Bit error rate (BER)
• Frequency deviation
• Burst timing measurements
• Modulation error ratio (MER)
• Error vector magnitude (EVM)
1
A
Modulation Analysis
Functions
Calibration
The PXI-5610 and the PXI-5441 are calibrated separately by
National Instruments with NIST-traceable and ISO-9002-certified
calibration certificates. Temperature variations are calibrated and
corrected during normal operation resulting in very high stability
and repeatability.
Modulation Toolkit datasheet is available separately.
Figure 2. A 3D IQ plot created by the Modulation Toolkit visually
separates the I and Q components for this PSK modulated signal.
2
National Instruments • Tel: (800) 813 3693 • info@ni.com • ni.com
2.7 GHz RF Vector Signal Generator
Specifications
Valid over specified Operating Environment (0 to 55 °C) unless otherwise stated.
General
Channels .......................................................... 1 RF, 1 IF
Frequency Characteristics
Frequency range ............................................... 250 kHz to 2.7 GHz
Frequency minimum (performance below
250 kHz not guaranteed) ........................... 9 kHz
Real-time bandwidth (Digital vector
modulation bandwidth) ............................. 20 MHz
Locking range ................................................... 5 Hz minimum
Warm-up time (typical) .................................... 30 minutes
Frequency resolution (dependent on NI PXI-5441 memory)
32 MB ........................................................ 355 nHz
>256 MB .................................................... 355 nHz
Offset Frequency
100 Hz
1 kHz
10 kHz
100 kHz
Real-time bandwidth >10 MHz
Carrier Frequency = 1 GHz
–72 dBc/Hz maximum
–75 dBc/Hz maximum
–98 dBc/Hz maximum
–116 dBc/Hz maximum
Carrier Frequency = 2 GHz
–70 dBc/Hz maximum
–72 dBc/Hz maximum
–96 dBc/Hz maximum
–116 dBc/Hz maximum
Residual FM ..................................................... 4.5 Hz rms maximum (continuous wave,
300 Hz to 3 kHz integration bandwidth)
Spurious Responses
Second harmonic (>10 MHz) 0 to 55 °C .......... -40 dBc maximum
Output third-order distortion (IMD)
(two -3 dBm tones, >200 kHz apart) ......... -75 dBc typical
Residual spurious response
(no input signal, 0 dB attenuation/maximum
power level, excluding LO feedthrough) ... <80 dBc typical
NI PXI-5441 system clock rate......................... 100 MHz
Harmonic and spurious response.............. -105 dBm typical
Output-related spurious
response (nonharmonic) ............................ -80 dBc maximum
(IF – RF output frequency) ............................... -64 dBc typical, -58 dBc maximum
Tuning Speed
Sine wave, 50 Hz tolerance
Thermal correction disabled......................
Thermal correction enabled ......................
1 MS record, phase continuity off
Digital IF equalization off ..........................
Digital IF equalization on...........................
35 ms typical
50 ms max
340 ms typical 370 ms max
950 ms typical 1.6 s max
Close-in Spurious Responses (Carrier-Modulated)
Real-Time Bandwidth
<10 MHz
>10 MHz
Spurious Response
Offset from Carrier
Maximum Power (dBc)
<100 Hz
-50
100 Hz to 10 kHz
-60
<400 Hz
-40
100 Hz to 2 kHz
-50
-145 dBm to +10 dBm minimum
0.02 dB minimum
1 dB typical
0.1 dB within 5 ms, typical
0.1 dB within 30 ms, typical
Note: The NI PXI-5671 tuning speed and tuning resolution depend on resampling done by the PC. This means that fine resolution
tuning speed is dependent on the speed and memory of the computer. Specifications below are the result of using an NI PXI 8186
Pentium IV controller 2.2 GHz with 1 GB RAM with the Windows XP operating system and NI-RFSG phase continuity disabled.
Internal Frequency Reference
Frequency .........................................................
Temperature stability .......................................
Aging
Per year......................................................
Per day .......................................................
Initial achievable accuracy...............................
Lock time for the 5610
to ext frequency reference ........................
Locking range ...................................................
Reference Input ................................................
Input amplitude .........................................
Input frequency range ...............................
Reference Output .............................................
Signal.........................................................
Output Frequency ......................................
Output Amplitude ......................................
10 MHz
±20 ppb max (referenced to 25 °C)
±100 ppb
±1 ppb
±50 ppb
5 s max
5 Hz minimum
50 SMA female
-5 to +16 dBm
10 MHz ± 0.5 ppm
50 SMA female
Square wave
10 MHz
6.7 dBm into 50 load, fundamental frequency
(1± 0.1 Vpp sine wave)
RF Output Characteristics
Output power range .........................................
Amplitude resolution
PXI-5671.....................................................
PXI-5610.....................................................
Amplitude settling time PXI-5610
NI 5610 ......................................................
NI 5441 ......................................................
Ω
Ω
Level Accuracy
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
Ω
Spectral purity
Amplitude Error (dB)
Phase Noise
-50.0
-60.0
-70.0
-80.0
Power (dBc/Hz)
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
Carrier = 2 GHz
-90.0
-100.0
-110.0
-120.0
-130.0
-140.0
100
1k
10k
Offset from Carrier (Hz)
100k
1M
Carrier = 1 GHz
-1
0
200 M 400 M 600 M 800 M
1G
1.2 G
1.4 G
1.6 G
1.8 G
2G
2.2 G
2.4 G
2.6 G
Frequency (MHz)
Figure 2. Typical Output Power Level Accuracy from -45 dBm to +10 dBm
Output Power Range
-30 to -80 dBm
-80 to -127 dBm
±1.3 dB
±1.5 dB
±0.8 dB
±1 dB
Output Frequency
250 kHz to 10 MHz
10 MHz to 2.7 GHz
25 °C ±10 °C.
+7 to -30 dBm
±1.2 dB
±0.7 dB
<-127 dBm (typical)
±2 dB
±1.5 dB
Figure 1. Typical Phase Noise at 1 GHz with Real-Time Bandwidth <10 MHz
Real-time bandwidth <10 MHz
Carrier Frequency = 1 GHz
–82 dBc/Hz maximum
–85 dBc/Hz maximum
–93 dBc/Hz maximum
–110 dBc/Hz maximum
Accuracy degrades by < 0.03 dB per °C over full temperature range.
Accuracy degrades by 0.1 dB per dB above +7 dBm power levels, and by 0.15 dB per dB above +10 dBm
power levels.
At nonsystem spur frequencies. Refer to the Spurious Responses section for more information.
Offset Frequency
100 Hz
1 kHz
10 kHz
100 kHz
Carrier Frequency = 2 GHz
–79 dBc/Hz maximum
–83 dBc/Hz maximum
–92 dBc/Hz maximum
–110 dBc/Hz maximum
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)
10 MHz to 2.3 GHz .................................... 1.6:1
2.3 to 2.7 GHz ............................................ 1.7:1
National Instruments • Tel: (800) 813 3693 • info@ni.com • ni.com
3
2.7 GHz RF Vector Signal Generator
Output 1 dB Gain Compression Point (minimum)
Output Frequency (GHz)
Up to 2.0
2.0 to 2.5
2.5 to 2.7
15 to 35 °C (dBm)
16
14
13
0 to 55 °C (dBm)
14.5
12.5
11.5
Calibration
Self-calibration
PXI-5610.....................................................
PXI-5441.....................................................
External calibration interval
PXI-5610.....................................................
PXI-5441.....................................................
Correction for YIG offset and gain
Correction for DC gain offset and timing errors
1 year
2 years
Noise density (0 dBm output)
Output Power Level (dBm)
0
-20
15 to 35 °C (dBm/Hz)
-120
-140
0 to 55 °C (dBmHz)
-115
-135
Physical
PXI-5610 (2 slots) ............................................. 10 by 16 cm (3.9 by 6.3 in.)
PXI-5441 (1 slot) ............................................... 10 by 16 cm (3.9 by 6.3 in.)
Environmental
Typical Noise Floor at 2 GHz
Output Power Level (dBm)
-57
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
Vector modulation bandwidth flatness............
Group delay variation (within the vector
modulation bandwidth) .............................
Group delay
PXI-5441.....................................................
PXI-5610.....................................................
Overload protection on RF output
Maximum reverse RF power .....................
Maximum DC input....................................
1
Equilization
Typical Noise Floor (dBm/Hz)
-158
-157
-154
-147
-140
-130
-120
-110
±0.5 dB typical
1
±20 ns typical
750 ns typical
1200 ns typical
4W
±50 VDC
Operating Environment
Operating temperature .............................. 0 to +55 °C
(Tested in accordance with IEC-60068-2-1 and IEC-60068-2-2)
1
Relative humidity....................................... 10 to 90%, noncondensing
(Tested in accordance with IEC 60068-2-56)
Altitude (indoor use only) ......................... 0 to 2,000 m (at 25 °C ambient temperature)
Storage Environment
Ambient temperature ................................ -20 to 70 °C
(Tested in accordance with IEC-60068-2-1 and IEC-60068-2-2.)
Relative humidity....................................... 5 to 95%, noncondensing
(Tested in accordance with IEC-60068-2-56.)
Shock and Vibration
Nonoperational shock ............................... 30 g peak, half-sine, 11 ms pulse
(Tested in accordance with IEC-60068-2-27. Test profile
developed in accordance with MIL-PRF-28800F.)
Random vibration Non-operating.............. 5 to 500 Hz, 2.4 g
rms
(Tested in accordance with IEC-60068-2-64. Non-operating
test profile exceeds the requirements of MIL-PRF-2880F,
Class B)
1
When
installed in the NI PXI-101x or PXI-1000B chassis, the PXI-5441 operating temperature is 0 to +45 °C
enabled. ±1.8 dB maximum with equilization disabled.
Certifications and Compliances
CE Mark Compliance
Safety
This product is designed to meet the requirements of the following standards of safety for electrical
equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use:
• IEC 61010-1, EN 61010-1
• UL 61010-1
• CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 61010-1
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Emissions................................................... EN 55011 Class A at 10 m FCC Part 15A above 1 GHz
Immunity .................................................... EN 61326:1997 + A2:2001, Table 1
EMC/EMI ................................................... CE, C-Tick and FCC Part 15 (Class A) Compliant
Local Oscillator Output
Frequency range ............................................... 3.2 to 5.9 GHz
Output power ................................................... -22 dBm (typical)
VSWR ............................................................... 1.5:1 maximum
Phase noise – Local Oscillator
Offset Frequency (kHz)
1
10
100
3.2 GHz (dBc/Hz)
-89
-98
-120
Carrier Frequency
4.2 GHz (dBc/Hz)
-88
-98
-120
5.2 GHz (dBc/Hz)
-85
-95
-120
FM Modulation
FM Distortion (modulation
frequency 1 kHz, carrier frequency
1 GHz, FM deviation 100 kHz,
filter bandwidth 2 MHz .................................... <1% Typical
Ordering Information
NI PXI-5671
32 MB memory ........................................................779079-02
256 MB memory ......................................................779079-03
512 MB memory ......................................................779079-04
MER (dB)
37.0
37.0
37.0
37.0
36.0
Digital Modulation
QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM (root raised cosine Filter, alpha = 0.25,
carrier frequency = 1 GHz, 2,000 symbol PRBS, equalization: ON)
Symbol Rate
EVM (%)
200 kS/s
1.0
1 MS/s
1.0
2.56 MS/s
1.0
5.12 MS/s
1.0
10 MS/s
1.2
Includes PXI-5610, PXI-5441, NI-RFSG, Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW,
and cables.
BUY NOW!
For complete product specifications, pricing, and accessory
information, call (800) 813-3693 (U.S. only) or go to
ni.com/rf
.
Power Requirements
Typical
PXI-5610
PXI-5441
+3.3 VDC
150 mA
150 mA
+5 VDC
2.6 A
2.6 A
+12 VDC
900 mA
900 mA
-12 VDC
60 mA
60 mA
Total Power
25.0 W
25.0 W
4
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