MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
Order this document
by MC145151–2/D
PLL Frequency Synthesizer
Family
CMOS
The devices described in this document are typically used as low–power,
phase–locked loop frequency synthesizers. When combined with an external
low–pass filter and voltage–controlled oscillator, these devices can provide all
the remaining functions for a PLL frequency synthesizer operating up to the
device’s frequency limit. For higher VCO frequency operation, a down mixer or
a prescaler can be used between the VCO and the synthesizer IC.
These frequency synthesizer chips can be found in the following and other
applications:
CATV
TV Tuning
AM/FM Radios
Scanning Receivers
Two–Way Radios
Amateur Radio
OSC
MC145151-2
MC145152-2
MC145155-2
MC145156-2
MC145157-2
MC145158-2
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
÷
R
CONTROL LOGIC
φ
÷
A
÷
P/P + 1
÷
N
VCO
OUTPUT
FREQUENCY
CONTENTS
Page
DEVICE DETAIL SHEETS
MC145151–2 Parallel–Input, Single–Modulus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
MC145152–2 Parallel–Input, Dual–Modulus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
MC145157–2 Serial–Input, Single–Modulus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
MC145158–2 Serial–Input, Dual–Modulus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS
Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timing Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Frequency Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Phase Detector/Lock Detector Output Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
15
17
18
19
19
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Phase–Locked Loop — Low–Pass Filter Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Crystal Oscillator Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Dual–Modulus Prescaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
REV 4
12/99
©
Motorola, Inc. 1999
MOTOROLA
For More Information On This Product,
MC145151–2 through MC145158–2
Go to: www.freescale.com
1
MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
MC145151-2
Parallel-Input PLL Frequency
Synthesizer
Interfaces with Single–Modulus Prescalers
28
P SUFFIX
PLASTIC DIP
CASE 710
1
The MC145151–2 is programmed by 14 parallel–input data lines for the
N counter and three input lines for the R counter. The device features consist of
a reference oscillator, selectable–reference divider, digital–phase detector, and
14–bit programmable divide–by–N counter.
The MC145151–2 is an improved–performance drop–in replacement for the
MC145151–1. The power consumption has decreased and ESD and latch–up
performance have improved.
28
1
DW SUFFIX
SOG PACKAGE
CASE 751F
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Operating Temperature Range: – 40 to 85°C
Low Power Consumption Through Use of CMOS Technology
3.0 to 9.0 V Supply Range
On– or Off–Chip Reference Oscillator Operation
Lock Detect Signal
÷
N Counter Output Available
Single Modulus/Parallel Programming
8 User–Selectable
÷
R Values: 8, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 2410, 8192
÷
N Range = 3 to 16383
“Linearized” Digital Phase Detector Enhances Transfer Function Linearity
Two Error Signal Options: Single–Ended (Three–State) or Double–Ended
Chip Complexity: 8000 FETs or 2000 Equivalent Gates
ORDERING INFORMATION
MC145151P2
MC145151DW2
Plastic DIP
SOG Package
PIN ASSIGNMENT
fin
VSS
VDD
PDout
RA0
RA1
RA2
φ
R
φ
V
fV
N0
N1
N2
N3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
LD
OSCin
OSCout
N11
N10
N13
N12
T/R
N9
N8
N7
N6
N5
N4
REV 1
8/95
©
Motorola, Inc. 1995
MC145151–2 through MC145158–2
For More Information On This Product,
2
Go to: www.freescale.com
MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC145151–2 BLOCK DIAGRAM
RA2
RA1
RA0
OSCout
14 x 8 ROM REFERENCE DECODER
14
LOCK
DETECT
LD
OSCin
14–BIT
÷
R COUNTER
PHASE
DETECTOR
A
PDout
fin
VDD
14–BIT
÷
N COUNTER
14
PHASE
DETECTOR
B
φ
V
φ
R
fV
N13
N11
N9
N7 N6
N4
N2
N0
T/R
TRANSMIT OFFSET ADDER
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
NOTE: N0 – N13 inputs and inputs RA0, RA1, and RA2 have pull–up resistors that are not shown.
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
INPUT PINS
fin
Frequency Input (Pin 1)
Input to the
÷
N portion of the synthesizer. fin is typically
derived from loop VCO and is ac coupled into the device. For
larger amplitude signals (standard CMOS logic levels) dc
coupling may be used.
RA0 – RA2
Reference Address Inputs (Pins 5, 6, 7)
These three inputs establish a code defining one of eight
possible divide values for the total reference divider, as
defined by the table below.
Pull–up resistors ensure that inputs left open remain at a
logic 1 and require only a SPST switch to alter data to the
zero state.
Reference Address Code
RA2
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
RA1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
RA0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Total
Divide
Value
8
128
256
512
1024
2048
2410
8192
sure that inputs left open remain at a logic 1 and require only
an SPST switch to alter data to the zero state.
T/R
Transmit/Receive Offset Adder Input (Pin 21)
This input controls the offset added to the data provided at
the N inputs. This is normally used for offsetting the VCO
frequency by an amount equal to the IF frequency of the
transceiver. This offset is fixed at 856 when T/R is low and
gives no offset when T/R is high. A pull–up resistor ensures
that no connection will appear as a logic 1 causing no offset
addition.
OSCin, OSCout
Reference Oscillator Input/Output (Pins 27, 26)
These pins form an on–chip reference oscillator when con-
nected to terminals of an external parallel resonant crystal.
Frequency setting capacitors of appropriate value must be
connected from OSC in to ground and OSC out to ground.
OSC in may also serve as the input for an externally–gener-
ated reference signal. This signal is typically ac coupled to
OSC in, but for larger amplitude signals (standard CMOS
logic levels) dc coupling may also be used. In the external
reference mode, no connection is required to OSC out.
OUTPUT PINS
PDout
Phase Detector A Output (Pin 4)
Three–state output of phase detector for use as loop–error
signal. Double–ended outputs are also available for this pur-
pose (see
φ
V and
φ
R).
Frequency fV > fR or fV Leading: Negative Pulses
Frequency fV < fR or fV Lagging: Positive Pulses
Frequency fV = fR and Phase Coincidence: High–Imped-
ance State
N0 – N11
N Counter Programming Inputs (Pins 11 – 20, 22 – 25)
These inputs provide the data that is preset into the
÷
N
counter when it reaches the count of zero. N0 is the least sig-
nificant and N13 is the most significant. Pull–up resistors en-
MOTOROLA
For More Information On This Product,
MC145151–2 through MC145158–2
Go to: www.freescale.com
3
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
φ
R ,
φ
V
Phase Detector B Outputs (Pins 8, 9)
These phase detector outputs can be combined externally
for a loop–error signal. A single–ended output is also avail-
able for this purpose (see
PDout
).
If frequency fV is greater than fR or if the phase of fV is
leading, then error information is provided by
φ
V pulsing low.
φ
R remains essentially high.
If the frequency fV is less than fR or if the phase of fV is
lagging, then error information is provided by
φ
R pulsing low.
φ
V remains essentially high.
If the frequency of fV = fR and both are in phase, then both
φ
V and
φ
R remain high except for a small minimum time
period when both pulse low in phase.
fV
N Counter Output (Pin 10)
This is the buffered output of the
÷
N counter that is inter-
nally connected to the phase detector input. With this output
available, the
÷
N counter can be used independently.
LD
Lock Detector Output (Pin 28)
Essentially a high level when loop is locked (fR, fV of same
phase and frequency). Pulses low when loop is out of lock.
POWER SUPPLY
VDD
Positive Power Supply (Pin 3)
The positive power supply potential. This pin may range
from + 3 to + 9 V with respect to VSS.
VSS
Negative Power Supply (Pin 2)
The most negative supply potential. This pin is usually
ground.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
2.048 MHz
NC
NC
OSCin
OSCout
fin
MC145151–2
RA2 RA1
RA0
PDout
VOLTAGE
CONTROLLED
OSCILLATOR
5 – 5.5 MHz
N13 N12 N11 N10 N9 N8 N7 N6 N5 N4 N3 N2 N1 N0
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 = 5 MHz
1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 = 5.5 MHz
Figure 1. 5 MHz to 5.5 MHz Local Oscillator Channel Spacing = 1 kHz
LOCK DETECT SIGNAL
“1”
OSCout RA2
+V
REF. OSC.
10.0417 MHz
(ON–CHIP OSC.
OPTIONAL)
RECEIVE
TRANSMIT
(ADDS 856 TO
÷
N VALUE)
OSCin
VDD
VSS
T/R
“0” “0” “1”
CHANNEL PROGRAMMING
÷
N = 2284 TO 3484
“1”
RA1
“0”
RA0
LD
fV
PDout
φ
R
fV
fin
CHOICE OF
DETECTOR
ERROR
SIGNALS
LOOP
FILTER
T: 13.0833 – 18.0833 MHz
R: 9.5167 – 14.5167 MHz
TRANSMIT: 440.0 – 470.0 MHz
RECEIVE: 418.6 – 448.6 MHz
(25 kHz STEPS)
MC145151–2
VCO
X6
T: 73.3333 – 78.3333 MHz
R: 69.7667 – 74.7667 MHz
DOWN
MIXER
X6
60.2500 MHz
NOTES:
1. fR = 4.1667 kHz;
÷
R = 2410; 21.4 MHz low side injection during receive.
2. Frequency values shown are for the 440 – 470 MHz band. Similar implementation applies to the 406 – 440 MHz band.
For 470 – 512 MHz, consider reference oscillator frequency X9 for mixer injection signal (90.3750 MHz).
Figure 2. Synthesizer for Land Mobile Radio UHF Bands
MC145151–2 Data Sheet Continued on Page 15
MC145151–2 through MC145158–2
For More Information On This Product,
4
Go to: www.freescale.com
MOTOROLA
MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
MC145152-2
Parallel-Input PLL Frequency
Synthesizer
Interfaces with Dual–Modulus Prescalers
28
P SUFFIX
PLASTIC DIP
CASE 710
1
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The MC145152–2 is programmed by sixteen parallel inputs for the N and A
counters and three input lines for the R counter. The device features consist of
a reference oscillator, selectable–reference divider, two–output phase detector,
10–bit programmable divide–by–N counter, and 6–bit programmable
÷
A
counter.
The MC145152–2 is an improved–performance drop–in replacement for the
MC145152–1. Power consumption has decreased and ESD and latch–up
performance have improved.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Operating Temperature Range: – 40 to 85°C
Low Power Consumption Through Use of CMOS Technology
3.0 to 9.0 V Supply Range
On– or Off–Chip Reference Oscillator Operation
Lock Detect Signal
Dual Modulus/Parallel Programming
8 User–Selectable
÷
R Values: 8, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1160, 2048
÷
N Range = 3 to 1023,
÷
A Range = 0 to 63
Chip Complexity: 8000 FETs or 2000 Equivalent Gates
See Application Note AN980
28
1
DW SUFFIX
SOG PACKAGE
CASE 751F
ORDERING INFORMATION
MC145152P2
MC145152DW2
Plastic DIP
SOG Package
PIN ASSIGNMENT
fin
VSS
VDD
RA0
RA1
RA2
φ
R
φ
V
MC
A5
N0
N1
N2
N3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
LD
OSCin
OSCout
A4
A3
A0
A2
A1
N9
N8
N7
N6
N5
N4
REV 1
8/95
©
Motorola, Inc. 1995
MOTOROLA
For More Information On This Product,
MC145151–2 through MC145158–2
Go to: www.freescale.com
5
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