Is anyone still using 2D laser engraving machines? Full range of functions, both software and hardware (V) Adding laser heads[Copy link]
In this chapter, I will talk about adding a laser head. I bought a 12V500mw laser head on Taobao for about 160 yuan. It comes with a 12V small fan for cooling. In fact, the other parts of the XY axis are no different from the plotter, except that the movement of the Z axis has been changed to the output of the laser head. The conversion is also very simple. Generally, the Z axis is only used for lifting and lowering the pen. There are only two actions, such as Z2.00 or Z5.00 may be lifting the pen, and Z0.00 or Z-0.5 may be lowering the pen. The output of the laser head is PMW output, that is, the duty cycle output 0-5V is controlled by the duty cycle of the pulse. In gcode, the S value is used to control the intensity. In fact, there is no difference from controlling the main motor. In the Arduino code, it is a 0-255 effective value output, and if you use grbl, it is between 0-1000 values. In fact, it is an internal /4 conversion. It mainly refers to the speed of the main motor. The effect of using it to control the laser intensity is the same. It depends on what device you drive? Let's talk about the modification of the laser head first. The laser head will work directly if it has an input voltage of 12V. Of course, you can also input a voltage below 12V, and the light will gradually weaken until it completely goes out at about 3.5V. This is the principle of controlling the laser intensity. The laser head is actually not durable and is easy to burn. There are quality problems and even more usage problems. For example, the manufacturer's own connection method makes the laser head and the cooling fan work at the same time when they are powered on, and stop working at the same time when they are cut off. This is because the internal heat still exists, and this is the problem. The fan should start first, and the fan should be turned off with a delay when it is turned off. In addition, the fan noise increases when the voltage is low. The modification is very simple: 1. Remove the 4 screws of the top fan. There is a small circuit board inside that does not need to be moved. The two wires of the fan are led out of the circuit board. Cut them with scissors, lead the fan wires directly, and connect them to the 12V voltage power supply. Everyone is also curious that in addition to the three 4988s, there is also a small green board on my motherboard. This is the control board of the laser, which I made myself. Let me introduce it to you below. First of all, there is a switch on it, a self-maintained press/pop-up switch. This can be replaced by anything, that is, the switch button that sends power to the Z-axis motor or the laser output. I bent the 16th pin of the Z-axis drive power pin (the one in the upper right corner), and did not let it be inserted into the slot below, but led it out from the switch button of the green board with a wire. Those rectifier diodes are of no use because the 12V voltage used by the Z-axis is too high, and several diodes are connected in series to reduce the voltage to 8V. Everyone can decide according to their own situation. Here is an introduction to laser power control: I used the thyristor IRF2N60 removed from the old computer power supply. You can find any thyristor for this, there are many models. The three pins 123 are the control end, 2 is the output end, and 3 is the ground end. The circuit diagram is also very simple. Connect 1 to the 10th pin of the motherboard, 3 to the ground, 2 to the negative pole of the laser head, and the positive pole of the laser head to the positive pole of 12V. The Vcc12V power point can be powered from the 16th pin of the green board. The green 1234 in the figure is an external output port. The 11/12/13/14 pin ports can be connected to the circuit board, and then it can be connected from the 4 output pins next to it. The test effect is very good after the line is connected. You can use the Micro-carving Master software to output the laser intensity, or you can use my software to set the intensity. I imitated the method of the Micro-carving Master. Weak light is used for positioning, and strong light is used for engraving intensity. Generally, 10-20 is enough for weak light, and 800-1000 values can be used for strong light. It can be set arbitrarily according to the material. Wishing you all a happy time. 2018-5-19, I love you.
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