Circuit diagram reading 1-How to read architectural electrical engineering drawings

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Circuit diagram reading 1-How to read architectural electrical engineering drawings [Copy link]

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(Special note: The pictures in this article are only for the content of the article, and there is no one-to-one correspondence with the content of the article. Please understand!)

First of all, you should be familiar with the expression form, drawing methods, graphic symbols, text symbols and characteristics of building electrical engineering drawings, and then master certain drawing recognition methods to quickly understand the drawings. There is no uniform regulation on the method of reading building electrical engineering drawings. When you get a set of building electrical engineering drawings, facing a large pile of drawings, how do you start? Usually you can start by following the method of "understanding the general situation and taking a rough look, reading the key points carefully, looking for large samples for installation methods, and standardizing technical requirements".

Specifically for a set of drawings, it is generally read in the following order, and then focus on reading. 1. Read the title bar and drawing catalog to understand the project name, project content, design date, number and content of drawings, etc. http://p3.pstatp.com/large/40150003fe4fafe506c4 2. Read the overall manual. 34)]Understand the overall situation of the project and the design basis, and understand the relevant matters that are not clearly expressed in the drawings. Such as the source of power supply, voltage level, line laying method, equipment installation height and installation method, supplementary non-national standard graphic symbols, matters that should be paid attention to during construction, etc. Some sub-item local issues are explained on the drawings of sub-items. When looking at the sub-item drawings, you should also read the design instructions first.

3. Look at the system diagram

The drawings of each sub-project include system diagrams, such as the power supply system diagram of the power distribution project, the power system diagram of the power project, the lighting system diagram of the lighting project, and the cable TV system diagram. The purpose of looking at the system diagram is to understand the basic composition of the system, the connection relationship of the main electrical equipment and components, their specifications, models, parameters, etc., and to grasp the composition of the system.

4. Look at the plane layout diagram

The floor plan is one of the important drawings in the building electrical engineering drawings, such as the electrical equipment installation floor plan of the substation, the cross-section drawing, the power floor plan, the lighting floor plan, the lightning protection and grounding floor plan, etc., which are all used to indicate the equipment installation location, the line laying location, the laying method, and the wire model, specification, quantity, and pipe diameter used. After reading the system diagram and understanding the system composition overview, you can prepare the project budget and construction plan based on the floor plan and organize the construction in detail. Therefore, you must be familiar with the floor plan. When reading the floor plan, you can generally follow this order: incoming line--main distribution box--trunk line--branch trunk line--distribution box--electrical equipment. 5. Read the circuit schematic diagram. Reading the circuit schematic diagram can help you understand the electrical automatic control principle of electrical equipment in each system, and guide the installation of equipment and the debugging of the control system. Because the circuit schematic diagram is mostly drawn using the functional layout method, reading the diagram is suitable for reading one circuit at a time from top to bottom or from left to right based on the functional relationship. Being familiar with the performance and characteristics of each electrical appliance in the circuit will be a great help in reading the diagram. 6. Read the installation wiring diagram to understand the layout and wiring of the equipment or electrical equipment. Read it in accordance with the circuit schematic diagram and perform wiring and adjustment of the control system.

7. See the installation sample picture

The installation drawing is a drawing used to show the installation method of the equipment in detail. It is an important reference drawing for installation construction and preparation of engineering material plan based on the plane layout drawing. It is especially important for beginners, and can even be said to be indispensable. The installation drawing mostly adopts the national general electrical installation standard drawing set.

8. Look at the equipment material table

The equipment and material table provides the model, specification and quantity of the equipment and materials used in the project, and is one of the important bases for preparing the equipment and material purchase plan.

There is no fixed rule to follow in the order of reading the drawings. You can flexibly grasp and highlight the key points according to your needs, so as to achieve the purpose of using drawings to guide installation and construction, ensure quality and quantity, and meet the requirements. In addition, you should also read the relevant construction and acceptance specifications and quality inspection and evaluation standards to understand the installation technical requirements in detail and ensure the construction quality.

Example: Reading the classroom lighting plan layout diagram.

As shown in the figure below, the incoming line is located at the south side of the horizontal end of the wall. It is a three-phase four-wire to the lighting distribution box. The incoming line is 3m above the ground. Each classroom is equipped with fluorescent lamps, sockets, and pull-cord switches. The corridors are equipped with ceiling lamps and lines connecting electrical appliances. In addition, the text symbols on the figure, such as the indoor fluorescent lamps are marked with 9L, which means: 9 means 9 lamps; the numerator means the power of the lamp is 40W, and the denominator means the height of the lamp from the ground is 2.8m; L means that it is hoisted by a hanging chain. For example, 6D means 6 60W ceiling lamps.

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