Introduction to Si4432 wireless transceiver chip (long-distance wireless transmission module)
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The module uses Silicon Labs' Si4432 as a wireless transceiver chip. It is a complete, compact, low-power wireless transceiver module. SI4432 is one of the Silicon Labs EZRadioPRO series ISM band wireless chips launched by Silicon in 2009. It can work in the 240-960 MHZ frequency band, and the maximum output power can reach +20DBm, which to a certain extent meets the problem of the difficulty in developing RF signal amplification. Under the maximum power setting condition, the open communication distance can reach thousands of meters. The module integrates all RF-related functions and devices. Users do not need to understand the relevant knowledge of radio, and can use this module to easily develop wireless-related products with stable and reliable performance. The communication distance of SI4432 itself does not exceed 1000 meters under the condition of 20dBm. In some special applications, a longer distance is required. The RFCSI4432A module is designed with a power amplifier circuit based on the original SI4432 module peripheral circuit to increase the transmission power (the transmission power is as high as 33dBm (about 2W), thereby directly improving the communication distance of the module (more than 3000 meters) to meet various application problems, so that wireless applications, distance is no longer a problem. Basic Features Frequency range: 240—960MHZ Receiving sensitivity: -115 dBm (baud rate 9.6Kbps) Communication baud rate: 1—128kbps Maximum transmitting power: 33dBm Current in shutdown mode: 10nA The current in sleep mode is: 300nA FSK frequency deviation is programmable (15~240KHz) The receiving bandwidth is programmable (67~400KHz) With automatic slope control power amplifier and spectrum shaping [size= 14px]33dBm, strong transmission energy, open communication distance of more than 3000 meters SPI compatible control interface, low power task cycle mode, built-in wake-up timer Integrated low battery detection, temperature sensor, voltage regulator Typical main applicationsVehicle monitoring, remote control, telemetry, hydrological and meteorological monitoring Wireless tags, identity recognition, contactless RF smart cards Small wireless Line network, wireless meter reading, access control system, community paging Industrial data acquisition system, wireless 232 data communication, wireless 485/422 data communication Small wireless data terminal, security and fire protection system, remote control system, biological signal acquisition Remarks The voltage range of the VCC5 pin is between 4V and 5V, and the recommended voltage is 4.5V. It cannot be outside this voltage range. If ordinary dry batteries are used, the recommended supply voltage is 5.5V; if lithium batteries are used, the supply voltage is 4.5V. Note: NiMH batteries and dry batteries have different characteristics. If the power supply is greater than 5V, the wireless module will be permanently burned! The main reason is that the internal resistance of ordinary dry batteries is large. When the module is working in the transmitting state and emitting electromagnetic waves, there is a 150mA current (actually, because our internal circuit has a tantalum capacitor that acts as a reservoir, the instantaneous current becomes smaller), and the internal resistance of the dry battery is as high as 1V to 2V. Therefore, in order to maintain normal operation, the dry battery needs a supply voltage of 5.5V, so it is not recommended to use dry batteries. Lithium batteries are recommended for power supply. Generally speaking, the greater the power, the higher the power requirements. If it is a 200W high-power transmitter, the power requirements are more stringent, and even the power switch sequence has strict requirements. If the power itself is small and the current is relatively small (<100mA), this problem will not be obvious. When laying the power line, pay attention to adding tantalum capacitors, generally >100uA, and it is best to add 470uF tantalum capacitors for filtering and storage of charges.Especially after using the boost circuit, some boost circuits have an output current of less than 400mA. At this time, it can be used as a battery, but it is also necessary to prevent the transmission frequency from being too high, so that the battery's power is insufficient. This can be avoided by appropriate delay (20ms). This can avoid the battery overdraft phenomenon. 2. The voltage range of the VCC3.3 pin is between 1.9-3.6V, and it cannot be outside this range. If it exceeds 3.6V, the module will be burned. The recommended voltage is about 3.3V; 3. The single-chip microcomputer without integrated SPI function can also control this module, and use the ordinary single-chip IO port to simulate SPI timing for read and write operations; 4. The module interface adopts standard 2.54mmDIP pins, and all GNDs need to be connected to the logical ground of the system circuit; 5. When connecting to the P0 port of the 51 series microcontroller, you need to add a 10K pull-up resistor, but not required when connecting to other ports. For other series of 5V microcontrollers, such as AVR and PIC, please refer to the output current of the IO port of the microcontroller. If it exceeds 10mA, you need to connect a 2-5K resistor in series to divide the voltage, otherwise it is easy to burn the module! If it is a 3.3V MCU, you can connect it directly to the IO port. Module electrical parametersParameter | | | | | | | | | | | | Maximum data transfer rate | | | | | | | [color=#0000 00]-107 (40kbps condition) | |
void RF4432_Init(void) { RF4432_SDN=0; //Allow RF4432 to work delay_ms(20); RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_1, 0x80); //Software reset, see page P101 for details delay_ms(10); RF4432_ReadReg(INTERRUPT_STATUS_1); RF4432_ReadReg(INTERRUPT_STATUS_2); RF4432_WriteReg(INTERRUPT_ENABLE_1, 0x00); RF4432_WriteReg(INTERRUPT_ENABLE_2, 0x00); RF4432_WriteReg(IF_FILTER_BANDWIDTH, 0x8b); RF4432_WriteReg( CLOCK_RECOVERY_OVERSAMPLING_RATIO, 0x2c); RF4432_WriteReg( CLOCK_RECOVERY_OFFSET_2, 0x20); RF4432_WriteReg( CLOCK_RECOVERY_OFFSET_1, 0x6d); RF4432_WriteReg( CLOCK_RECOVERY_OFFSET_0, 0x3a); RF4432_WriteReg( CLOCK_RECOVERY_TIMING_LOOP_GAIN_1, 0x00); RF4432_WriteReg( CLOCK_RECOVERY_TIMING_LOOP_GAIN_0, 0x18); RF4432_WriteReg(RSSI_THRESHOLD_FOR_CLEAR_CHANNEL_INDICATOR, 0xf0); RF4432_WriteReg( DATA_ACCESS_CONTROL, 0x88); RF4432_WriteReg( HEADER_CONTROL_1, 0x8c); RF4432_WriteReg( HEADER_CONTROL_2,0x0a); RF4432_WriteReg( PREAMBLE_LENGTH, 0x08); RF4432_WriteReg( TRANSMIT_PACKET_LENGTH, RF4432_TxRxBuf_Len ); //Send packet length setting RF4432_WriteReg( RECEIVED_PACKET_LENGTH, RF4432_TxRxBuf_Len ); //Receive packet length setting RF4432_WriteReg( HEADER_ENABLE_3, 0x00); RF4432_WriteReg (HEADER_ENABLE_2, 0x00); RF4432_WriteReg( HEADER_ENABLE_1, 0x00); RF4432_WriteReg( HEADER_ENABLE_0 ,0x00); RF4432_WriteReg(AGC_OVERRIDE_2, 0x0b); RF4432_WriteReg(TX_POWER,0x03); RF4432_WriteReg(TX_DATA_RATE_1, 0x0A ); //Communication rate 40kbps RF4432_WriteReg(TX_DATA_RATE_0, 0x3D); RF4432_WriteReg(MODULATION_MODE_CONTROL_1, 0x02); RF4432_WriteReg(MODULATION_MODE_CONTROL_2, 0x26); //Set to FIFO mode FSK reg71H RF4432_WriteReg(FREQUENCY_DEVIATION, 0x40); // RF4432_WriteReg(FREQUENCY_BAND_SELECT, 0x53); //Set frequency reg75H RF4432_WriteReg(NOMINAL_CARRIER_FREQUENCY_1, 0x4b); //Communication frequency 433MHZ reg76H[/ size] RF4432_WriteReg(NOMINAL_CARRIER_FREQUENCY_0, 0x00);//reg77H RF4432_WriteReg(TX_FIFO_CONTROL_1,0x3F); RF4432_WriteReg(TX_FIFO_CONTROL_2,0x00); RF4432_WriteReg(RX_FIFO_CONTROL,0x3F); RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2,RF4432_ReadReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2)|0x01); RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2,RF4432_ReadReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2)&0xFE); RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2,RF4432_ReadReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2)|0x02); RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2,RF4432_ReadReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2)&0xFD); }[/color ] SI4432[ font=宋体]Set the receiving mode function[size =14px]void RF4432_SetRxMode(void) [color=# 000000]{ RF4432_PAC=0; RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2,RF4432_ReadReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2)|0x02); RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2,RF4432_ReadReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2)&0xFD); RF4432_ReadReg(INTERRUPT_STATUS_1); RF4432_ReadReg(INTERRUPT_STATUS_2); RF4432_WriteReg(INTERRUPT_ENABLE_1, 0x02); RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_1,0x05);//Receive }[ /color] SI4432[ font=宋体][si ze=16pt]Data packet receiving function[color =#000000]unsigned char RF4432_RxPacket(void) [colo r=#000000]{ RF4432_IRQ=1; if(!RF4432_IRQ) {[ /color] if(RF4432_ReadReg(INTERRUPT_STATUS_1)&0x02) { return 1; }[/color ] } return 0; }[ /color] SI4432[ Data packet sending function[size =14px]void RF4432_TxPacket(void) { [ align=left] RF4432_PAC=1;RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTRO L_2,RF4432_ReadReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2)|0x01); RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2,RF4432_ReadReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_2)&0xFE); [color=#2525 25]RF4432_WriteBurestReg(FIFO_ACCESS,RF4432_TxRxBuf,RF4432_TxRxBuf_Len); RF4432_ReadReg(INTERRUPT_STATUS_1); RF4432_ReadReg(INTERRUPT_STATUS_2); RF4432_WriteReg(INTERRUPT_ENABLE_1, 0x04); RF4432_WriteReg(OPERATING_FUNCTION_CONTROL_1,0x09);//Emit[ /align] while(1) { RF4432_IRQ=1; if(!RF4432_IRQ) { [color =#252525] if(RF4432_ReadReg(INTERRUPT_STATUS_1)&0x04) //Please see page P95 for details { [align =left] break; } [color =#252525] } } [color= #252525]} Wireless Application Notes(1) VCC voltage range of wireless module The voltage should be between 1.8V and 3.6V. If the voltage exceeds 3.6V, the module will be burned. The recommended voltage is about 3.3V. (2) Except for the power supply VCC and ground terminal, the remaining pins They can be directly connected to the IO port of the ordinary 51 single-chip microcomputer without level conversion. Of course, it is more suitable for single-chip microcomputers around 3V. (3) Even if there is no SPI microcontroller on the hardware, this module can be controlled by using the IO port of the ordinary microcontroller to simulate SPI. It does not require the real serial port of the microcontroller to be involved. The microcontroller IO port can be used, of course the serial port can also be used. The modules are connected logically according to the interface prompts and the motherboard. (4) Standard DIP pins. If you need other package interfaces or other forms of interfaces, please contact us for customization. (5) Any single-chip microcomputer can realize the wireless module Data transmission and reception control, and can be transplanted according to the program we provide, and then combined with the microcontroller model you are good at;[ (6) Channel spacing: If you want two modules to transmit simultaneously without interfering with each other, the channel spacing between them should be The difference is at least 1MHZ, which must be paid attention to when networking, otherwise the same frequency ratio will interfere. ](7) Actually, users may use other MCUs that they are familiar with as the main control chip, so it is recommended that you pay attention to the following 4 points when transplanting: [/ A: Make sure IO is in input and output mode and must be set to digital IO; [color=#00000 0]B: Pay attention to the register settings related to the IO used, especially the IO with external interrupt and AD function. The relevant registers must be set properly; [ C: When debugging, first write the configuration word, then control the data transmission and reception D: Pay attention to the working mode switching time.About 3V. (2) Except for the power supply VCC and the ground terminal, the other pins can be directly connected to the ordinary 51 microcontroller IO port without level conversion. Of course, it is more suitable for microcontrollers around 3V. (3) Microcontrollers without SPI hardware can also control this module. Using ordinary microcontroller IO port to simulate SPI does not require the intervention of the microcontroller's real serial port. Only ordinary microcontroller IO port is needed. Of course, the serial port can also be used. The module is connected to the logic of the motherboard according to the interface prompts (4) Standard DIP pins. If you need other packaging interfaces or other forms of interfaces, please contact us for customization. (5) Any single-chip microcomputer can realize the control of data transmission and reception of the wireless module, and can be transplanted according to the program we provide, and then combined with the single-chip microcomputer model that you are good at; (6) Instructions for the channel interval: In fact, if you want two modules to transmit at the same time without interfering with each other, the channel interval between the two should be at least 1MHZ , which must be paid attention to when networking, otherwise the same frequency will interfere. (7) Actually users may use other MCUs that they are familiar with as the main control chip, so it is recommended that you pay attention to the following 4 points when transplanting: A: Make sure that IO is in input and output mode, and must be set to digital IO; 0]B: Pay attention to the register settings related to the IO used, especially the IO with external interrupt and AD function. The relevant registers must be set properly; C: When debugging, write the configuration word first, and then control the data reception and transmission D: Pay attention to the working mode switching time About 3V. (2) Except for the power supply VCC and the ground terminal, the other pins can be directly connected to the ordinary 51 microcontroller IO port without level conversion. Of course, it is more suitable for microcontrollers around 3V. (3) Microcontrollers without SPI hardware can also control this module. Using ordinary microcontroller IO port to simulate SPI does not require the intervention of the microcontroller's real serial port. Only ordinary microcontroller IO port is needed. Of course, the serial port can also be used. The module is connected to the logic of the motherboard according to the interface prompts (4) Standard DIP pins. If you need other packaging interfaces or other forms of interfaces, please contact us for customization. (5) Any single-chip microcomputer can realize the control of data transmission and reception of the wireless module, and can be transplanted according to the program we provide, and then combined with the single-chip microcomputer model that you are good at; (6) Instructions for the channel interval: In fact, if you want two modules to transmit at the same time without interfering with each other, the channel interval between the two should be at least 1MHZ , which must be paid attention to when networking, otherwise the same frequency will interfere. (7) Actually users may use other MCUs that they are familiar with as the main control chip, so it is recommended that you pay attention to the following 4 points when transplanting: A: Make sure that IO is in input and output mode, and must be set to digital IO; 0]B: Pay attention to the register settings related to the IO used, especially the IO with external interrupt and AD function. The relevant registers must be set properly; C: When debugging, write the configuration word first, and then control the data reception and transmission D: Pay attention to the working mode switching time
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