Design of smart greenhouse planting control system based on 5G network

毛球大大

Design of smart greenhouse planting control system based on 5G network [Copy link]

Abstract: This paper describes the intelligent greenhouse planting control and management system based on 5G network. Environmental parameters are collected through sensors, networked through wireless networks, and data is transmitted to the SMT32 microcontroller main control core board. Mobile phone apps realize remote monitoring and control through cloud servers.

introduction

5G network has high speed, ubiquitous network, low power consumption, low latency, and Internet of Everything. The commercial use of 5G in China is developing rapidly. In the 5G era, it is not only the application of 5G mobile phones, but also the future smart agriculture, VR/AR, industrial Internet, smart city, unmanned driving, Internet of Vehicles, smart home, drone, smart medical care, emergency safety, etc. Agricultural planting is also an application field with huge development potential. Through the 5G network, agricultural big data is also transforming from technological innovation to application innovation. 5G will also bring massive raw data to agriculture, thereby promoting the continuous advancement of smart agriculture.

At present, agricultural greenhouse cultivation is an important source of agricultural products, especially flowers and vegetables. The control of traditional greenhouse cultivation mainly relies on manual operation and adjustment, which is not only manpower-consuming, but also prone to errors and cannot be prevented. Therefore, it is extremely important to build a smart greenhouse ecological management system based on 5G network.

1 System Design

System functional architecture planning diagram. Figure 1 shows the system architecture function. The system works as follows: Environmental monitoring is performed through the signal acquisition and data processing system of the STM32 core control board. The temperature and humidity data acquisition is mainly composed of air temperature and humidity sensor DHT11, light sensor, CO2 sensor, soil moisture sensor, smoke sensor, NRF24L01 module, main control CPU unit, capacitive touch screen display, WiFi esp8266 module, charging and discharging circuit and other ** circuits. Then, the 5G network module and the server of the Gizwits A iot development platform are connected to the Internet. The data can be viewed and manipulated through the App. The host computer screen can monitor all data or control the controller. The mobile phone App or screen can select the type of vegetables to be planted and regulate the temperature, light and CO2 content of the environment.

Figure 1 System architecture and functions

System functions:

(1) Intelligent planting technology. 5G uses high-precision soil temperature and humidity sensors and smart weather stations to remotely collect soil conditions, pH, nutrients, meteorological information, etc., to achieve automatic drought forecasting, intelligent decision-making on irrigation water usage, remote and automatic control of irrigation equipment, and timely feedback of data to technical personnel, ultimately achieving the goals of intensive farming, accurate fertilization, and reasonable irrigation, and realizing integrated management from plant breeding, growth, and maturity.

(2) Intelligent agricultural management. Intelligent agricultural management means that during the growth process of plants, intelligent monitoring can be used to monitor what crops lack (such as insufficient nutrients, prediction of pests and diseases) and provide them with what they need in a timely manner. 5G allows people to immediately execute commands to machines, while also enabling monitoring and management of the entire plant growth cycle, freeing up human labor.

(3) The planting process is made public. With the powerful technical support of 5G, real-time image data is sent to let people know the status of the crops in the vegetable garden. In other words, consumers can access the Internet at any time to watch the planting process and see what pesticides and fertilizers are used during the growth of crops, so that everyone can eat with confidence.

(4) Intelligent labor management. With the support of 5G technology, the productivity and quality of agricultural products can be improved by providing the best growing environment based on information data, even with less labor and energy. With smart farm equipment, greenhouse windows can be opened and closed and water can be supplied automatically when people are not around. Unmanned tractors can provide managers with obstacle data in real time and reroute the farm.

2. Hardware circuit design

The system hardware circuit design is mainly based on the system design technical index requirements, and the hardware circuit is designed, which mainly includes plant lighting circuit and linkage control circuit, as well as node sensor circuit. The circuit design diagrams are shown in Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4 respectively.

Figure 2 Lighting circuit diagram

Figure 3 Smoke and light sensor circuit

Figure 4 Node module PCB board

3. Software Design

MCU program flow chart:

(1) The design idea of the host screen is as follows: each module is initialized, Npf2L01 is initialized to receiving mode, the data sent back by each node is received and processed, and after processing, it is sent to the screen for display through the serial port. At the same time, the processed data is sent to the host MCU through the Nrf24L01 wireless module. After the transmission is completed, the Npf2L01 wireless module enters the standby mode and waits for the next cycle.

(2) The design idea of the host MCU is as follows: each module is initialized, Npf2L01 is initialized to receiving mode, the data sent back by the host screen is received and processed, and at the same time, it is uploaded to the Gizwits Cloud Server through the Wi Fi wireless module. The Gizwits Cloud Server sends back the data through the Wi Fi wireless module and processes it. The host MCU then controls various related modules. The process is shown in Figure 5.

(3) Mobile App Programming: Define device functions through the graphical interface of the developer center, and Gizwits will automatically generate the serial communication protocol between the device MCU and the communication module. Developers can implement the device's networking capabilities based on the protocol document. After the device is connected to the Gizwits IoT platform , Gizwits provides an API for App applications, which provides functions for transmitting device data to applications and for applications to initiate control information to devices. The system uses the API provided by the Gizwits AIoT development platform to communicate with the device in real time for data and control, solving the need for smart hardware access.

Figure 5 Main MCU program flow chart

4. Test Data and Evaluation

The test data results are consistent with the actual situation. In the Gizwits Cloud server background, you can clearly see the changes in data when Gizwits Cloud is controlled by the mobile app or screen, and you can clearly record when the App is online or offline. After the device is connected to the cloud, the environmental data collected by the device will be displayed in real time on the mobile app and the serial port display. At this time, you can use the mobile phone to manually and automatically set the device.

Manual settings can control the fan, water pumping motor and plant fill light in the equipment; automatic settings will perform corresponding autonomous control according to the different vegetable types and environmental parameters selected by the user to achieve the purpose of automatic control. By turning on the automatic linkage mode, according to the setting of environmental parameter thresholds, the automatic linkage function of the system can be realized, and the automatic control of drip irrigation, ventilation, heating, fill light, shading and other functions can be linked, and the threshold setting can be set.

The significance of this innovation is that the artificial intelligence agricultural greenhouse planting system will combine the real-time collected sensor data with traditional planting experience to form a decision-making library suitable for the characteristics of crop planting. The system will control the actuators to automatically adjust functional indicators such as air temperature and humidity, soil humidity, light intensity, and CO2 concentration based on the perceived data.

The crops are always in the best growth environment, which greatly reduces the planting cost, shortens the planting time, and achieves energy saving and income increase. Users can use the mobile phone app or display screen to understand the changes in the greenhouse temperature and humidity, soil moisture, light intensity, CO2 concentration and other environmental changes at any time, and can also switch to manual mode to manually adjust the actuator.

This system has a variety of vegetable planting modes, providing the most suitable environmental growth parameters for each vegetable. The artificial intelligence agricultural greenhouse planting system has data collection and analysis functions, data processing functions, powerful control functions, and remote monitoring functions. It uses advanced 3D printing technology and is more intelligent.

5 Conclusion

In the 5G era, agriculture will be smarter and more precise. Compared with traditional agricultural greenhouses, the design of the smart greenhouse planting control management system based on 5G network is more intelligent, digital, and networked. It is no longer a single detection hardware. The farm will be full of sensors to collect data and feed it back to the machine. Farmers only need to sit in front of the computer to view the data of crops and make corresponding countermeasures based on the collected data, making farming at home more convenient.