PD fast charging technology has been significantly updated, USB PD3.1 has been released, supporting 48V and 240W output

Legendary008

PD fast charging technology has been significantly updated, USB PD3.1 has been released, supporting 48V and 240W output [Copy link]

 

Recently, the USB PD3.0 fast charging standard has been upgraded. The new USB PD3.1 fast charging standard will support a maximum voltage output of 48V, and the charging power will be increased to 240W. The charging head network obtained first-hand information about USB PD3.1 by consulting industry experts.

USB PD3.1 officially released On
May 25, the USB-IF Association launched the USB Type-C cable and interface standard v2.1, which updated the chapter on power supply capability. The USB PD3.1 specification relegates the original USB PD3.0 content to the Standard Power Range (SPR), with the maximum power remaining unchanged at 100W; at the same time, it adds the Extended Power Range (EPR), with the maximum power extended from 100W to 240W.

According to the information released by the USB-IF Association, in the extended power range EPR, three new fixed voltage levels of 28V, 36V and 48V and three adjustable voltage levels (Adjustable Voltage Supply, AVS for short) are added. The
maximum current level remains unchanged at 5A; 100-140W power is 28V AVS, the voltage range is 15V-28V; greater than 140W to 180W power is 36V AVS, the voltage range is 15V-36V; greater than 180W to 240W is 48V AVS, the voltage range is 15V-48V.

Under the USB PD3.1 standard, USB Type-C cables are divided into two specifications: 20V ordinary cables and 50V EPR cables. For power output exceeding 100W, not only is it necessary to use an EPR (extended power) 5A cable, but also a handshake of EPR-specific information must be performed between the Source, Sink, and Cable to enter the EPR from the SPR; if the cable is a captive cable fixed on the charger, only a handshake between the Source and Sink is required.

Since the voltage level is greatly increased, safety issues are very important. EPR puts forward higher requirements on the safety of connectors and cables. It is necessary to pay special attention to the provisions of IEC 62368 on limited power supply (LPS).

It is worth noting that in the formulation of the USB PD3.1 specification, Huawei, Xiaomi, Luxshare Precision, and many other domestic companies actively participated in it, made important contributions to the new standard, and were written into the directory of standard drafting companies.

USB-IF stands for USB Implementers Forum, which was founded in 1995 and is headquartered in the United States. It was jointly created by Apple, HP, Intel, Microsoft, Renesas, STMicroelectronics, TI and other companies. In December 2020, the charging head network obtained a latest member list from the USB-IF Association, and the total number of members has exceeded 12,000.

Here is a summary of the development history of USB charging standards, so that you can understand the changes in each stage.

In 2010, the BC (Battery Charging) group under the USB-IF Association formulated the BC1.2 (Battery Charging V1.2) protocol, which is mainly used to regulate battery charging requirements. The protocol was first implemented based on the USB2.0 protocol. Later, almost all private fast charging standards such as QC, AFC, SCP, FCP (except Apple) were derived from BC1.2.

In July 2012, USB-IF released the USB PD1.0 standard based on the then ubiquitous USB-A and USB-B interfaces, depicting a beautiful vision of a power supply capability of up to 100W through USB 3.0 and USB 2.0 interfaces. However, it used a 24MHz frequency and coupled to the power line carrier. Due to signal integrity and bidirectional power transmission issues, it was quickly replaced by USB PD2.0.

In August 2014, the USB-IF Association released the revolutionary Type-C 1.0 interface standard and USB PD2.0 standard. By adding the USB-C connector and the CC communication line to the cable, it realized the concept of bidirectional power transmission and maximum 100W power supply, solving the difficulties encountered in the implementation of USB PD1.0.

At the end of 2015, the USB-IF Association launched the USB PD3.0 standard, and released an important update of the USB PD3.0 standard in February 2017, adding programmable power supply PPS on the basis of USB PD3.0 standard. PPS is a fast charging form with a very high share in the Android camp. Through fine adjustment of 20mv and the built-in charge pump of the mobile phone, 100W high-power fast charging can be achieved.

Industry significance
It is understood that the newly added 28V, 36V, and 48V voltages in this specification correspond to the applications of 6-cell batteries, 8-cell batteries, and 10-cell batteries, respectively. The USB PD fast charging standard has expanded many new application areas, including computers, servers, motor drives, and communication power supplies.

Due to the limitations of terminals and cables, the USB-C transmission current is limited to 5A, and the voltage of USB PD3.0 is 20V and the power is 100W, which limits the use of high-power scenarios. USB PD3.1 increases the power to 240W by extending the voltage to 48V and the current to 5A.

Legendary008

The USB PD3.1 specification covers the power supply driven by 24V bus motors, such as the power tool market. At present, the popularity of power tools with built-in batteries is increasing. In 2020 alone, the shipment of power tools reached 490 million units, and most power tools are powered by multi-string lithium battery packs. The release of the USB PD3.1 standard will promote the iteration of power tools from traditional linear charging to USB PD fast charging, and can simplify the charging circuit design, reduce the overall cost and improve the fast charging experience. In addition, the USB PD3.1 standard can also be applied to POE power supply, two-wheeled electric vehicles, IOT Internet of Things devices and other fields in the security field to optimize equipment costs. In summary, USB PD3.1 is a very ambitious standard upgrade, which expands the application of USB PD from traditional mobile phones and laptops to portable devices, Internet of Things devices, smart homes, communications and security equipment, automobiles and medical fields, so that USB PD will become a truly unified power supply standard, which will play an important role in promoting environmental protection, reducing electronic waste, and the interconnection of all things. ———————————————— Copyright Statement: This article is an original article by CSDN blogger "Legendary_008", which complies with the CC 4.0 BY-SA copyright agreement. Please attach the original source link and this statement when reprinting. Original link: https://blog.csdn.net/Legendary_008/article/details/117383372

Legendary008

For computer applications, the current USB PD3.0 standard's maximum power of 100W is only enough to maintain the power supply needs of some thin and light laptops. Gaming laptops with higher power still need to continue to use traditional large DC adapters. The USB PD3.1 standard can provide a maximum charging power of 240W, which covers almost all high-performance discrete graphics gaming laptops, mobile workstations, and some desktop power supplies. At the same time, it will further increase the popularity of the USB PD fast charging standard in the consumer power supply field, replacing traditional bulky power adapters with advanced USB PD3.1 adapters. The USB PD3.1 specification covers the power supply driven by 24V bus motors, such as the power tool market. At present, the popularity of power tools with built-in batteries is increasing. In 2020 alone, the shipment volume of power tools reached 490 million units, and most power tools are powered by multi-string lithium battery packs. The release of the USB PD3.1 standard will promote the iteration of power tools from traditional linear charging to USB PD fast charging, and can simplify the charging circuit design, reduce overall costs and improve the fast charging experience. In addition, the USB PD3.1 standard can also be applied to POE power supply in the security field, two-wheeled electric vehicles, IOT devices and other fields to optimize equipment costs. In summary, USB PD3.1 is a very ambitious standard upgrade, which expands the application of USB PD from traditional mobile phones and laptops to portable devices, IoT devices, smart homes, communications and security equipment, automobiles and medical fields, making USB PD a truly unified power supply standard, which plays an important role in promoting environmental protection, reducing electronic waste, and the interconnection of all things.

durongze

Which document is 2.9 Charging models in the picture above? In the cable connection document, the second chapter is an overview, but there is no such document.

qwqwqw2088

The charging power is increased to 240W simultaneously.

48V, current 5A, I don't know how the heat dissipation is solved

What is the end of high-power charging?

dcexpert

The greater the power, the faster the charging, and the laptop can also share the charger with the mobile phone. Safety may also be an issue that needs to be paid close attention to.