The difference and connection between active and passive RFID

Aguilera

The difference and connection between active and passive RFID [Copy link]

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), commonly known as "electronic tags", is a contactless automatic identification technology that automatically identifies the target object and obtains relevant data through radio frequency signals. The identification work does not require human intervention, and its main function is to write and read data. It consists of tags, readers, and data transmission and processing systems. Depending on whether they are equipped with batteries, electronic tags are divided into two types: active and passive.

Currently, passive electronic tags account for 80% of the market, while passive electronic tags account for less than 20%. So what are the differences and connections between active tags and passive tags? Let's take a look with the editor below.

I. Definition

Active RFID, also known as active RFID, is powered entirely by an internal battery. At the same time, part of the battery's energy is converted into the radio frequency energy required for the electronic tag to communicate with the reader, usually supporting long-distance identification.

Passive tags, also known as passive tags, can convert part of the microwave energy into direct current for their own operation after receiving the microwave signal announced by the card reader. When the passive RFID tag is close to the RFID card reader, the antenna of the passive RFID tag converts the received electromagnetic wave energy into electrical energy, activates the chip in the RFID tag, and sends out the data in the RFID chip. It has anti-interference ability, users can customize the reading and writing standard data, and it is more efficient in special application systems, and the reading distance can reach more than 10 meters.

2. Working Principle

1. Active electronic tags refer to tags whose working energy is provided by batteries. The battery, memory and antenna together constitute an active electronic tag. Different from the passive radio frequency activation method, it sends information through the set frequency band until the battery is replaced.

2. The performance of passive RFID tags is greatly affected by tag size, modulation form, circuit Q value, device power consumption and modulation depth. Passive RFID tags have a memory capacity of 1024 bits and an ultra-wide operating frequency band. They comply with relevant industry regulations and can be flexibly developed and applied. They can read and write multiple tags at the same time. Passive RFID tag design does not require batteries, and the memory can be repeatedly erased and written more than 100,000 times.

3. Price and service life

1. Active RFID: The price is high and the battery life is relatively short.

2. Passive RFID: The price is relatively cheaper than active RFID, and the battery life is relatively longer.

4. Advantages and disadvantages of both

1. Active RFID tags

Active RFID tags are powered by built-in batteries, and different tags use different numbers and shapes of batteries.

Advantages: Long working distance. The distance between active RFID tags and RFID readers can reach tens of meters or even hundreds of meters.

Disadvantages: large size, high cost, and usage time is limited by battery life.

2. Passive RFID Tags

Passive RFID tags do not contain batteries, and their power is obtained from the RFID reader. When the passive RFID tag is close to the RFID reader, the antenna of the passive RFID tag converts the received electromagnetic wave energy into electrical energy, activates the chip in the RFID tag, and sends out the data in the RFID chip.

Advantages: small size, light weight, low cost, long life, can be made into different shapes such as thin sheets or buckles, and used in different environments.

Disadvantages: Since there is no internal power supply, the distance between passive RFID tags and RFID readers is limited, usually within a few meters, and generally requires a high-power RFID reader.