With the development of microelectronics technology, programmable logic devices have achieved rapid development, and their functions have become increasingly powerful. The available logic resources inside FPGAs have increased rapidly. Recently launched FPGAs have been specifically designed for the characteristics of digital signal processing, integrating memory, phase-locked loops (PLLs), hardware multipliers, DSP modules, etc. By using the FPGA development software provided by various companies and using hardware description languages, specific signal processing algorithms such as FFT, FIR, etc. can be implemented, providing new options for electronic design engineers. The real-time image processing system uses the FPGA+DSP structure to complete the entire complex image processing algorithm. The image processing algorithms are classified, and the FPGA and DSP work together to play their respective strengths. For such processing processes with simple algorithm implementation, large amount of calculation, and high real-time performance, large-capacity and high-performance FPGAs are used to implement them, and DSP is used to process the pre-processed image data to run algorithms with complex algorithm structures and many multiplication and addition operations. The entire system mainly includes three parts: FPGA processing unit, DSP processing unit, and PCI interface communication. The main research results are as follows: (1) The working principle and application of FPGA were studied, and the selection of Stratix chips was completed. The circuit schematic and PCB design of the digital image processing board were designed. The circuit board was debugged and worked normally. (2) The PCB circuit design of the FPGA program download cable was completed and debugged successfully. It was applied to the debugging and downloading configuration of the FPGA, and achieved good experimental and economic results. (3) The FPGA design and development software and tools were fully utilized to complete the FPGA implementation of median filtering, morphological filtering and adaptive threshold, and a detailed implementation process was given. The algorithm was downloaded to the FPGA chip and met the requirements after experimental debugging. (4) The implementation method of PCI interface communication was studied, and the PCI9054 chip was selected to implement communication. The PCI interface circuit design was completed. After debugging, interrupts, DMA and other methods were implemented to meet the data transmission requirements. (5) The working characteristics and internal functional structure of the C6701DSP chip were studied, and the design of peripheral circuits such as the expansion of the DSP peripheral memory, clock signal generation and power supply module was completed.
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